| Simple | Progressive | Perfect | |
| to be + Participle II | to be + being + Participle II | to have + been + Participle II | |
| The letter is translated | The letter is being translated | The letter has been translated | |
| Present | Is the letter translated? | Is the letter being translated? | Has the letter been translated? |
| The letter isn't translated | The letter isn't being translated | The letter hasn't been translated. | |
| Past | The letter was translated | The letter was being translated | The letter had been translated |
| Was the letter translated? | Was the letter being translated? | Had the letter been translated? | |
| The letter wasn't translated. | The letter wasn't being translated | The letter hadn't been translated? | |
| Future | The letter will be translated | The letter will have been | |
| Will the letter be translated? | He . | Will the letter have been translated? | |
| The letter won't be translated | The letter won't have been translated. |
| What Where When | do did will | you he your sister | do go return | in the evening? yesterday? home? |
some, any, no, every
| + thing | +body, one | +where | ||
| some - - | something -, - | somebody someone - - | somewhere -, -, -, - | .. . |
| any 1) 2)- | anything 1) 2)- 3)- | anybody anyone 1), 2)-, - | anywhere 1), 2)-, - | 1) . 2) , . |
| no, not any + | nothing (not anything) + | nobody (not anybody), no one + | nowhere not anywhere , + | . . |
| every , | everything | everybody everyone | everywhere , | ., , . . |
| - ion / - sion /-tion - er / -or -ing -ment -ty / -ity -ance / -ence -ness -ure / -ture | - discussion, transmission, combination - writer, inspector - opening - development - activity - importance, difference - darkness - mixture |
| -ic -ive -able / -ible -ant / -ent -ous -al -ful -less -un / -in / -ir / -il / -im | - democratic - progressive - valuable, accessible -resistant, different - dangerous - central - hopeful - hopeless - uncomfortable, indirect, irregular, illogical, impossible |
| -ize re- | - to characterize - to rewrite |
|
|
|
Irregular verbs.
| Infinitive | Past | Participle II | Translation |
| arise | arose | arisen | |
| awake | awoke | awaked | , |
| be | was, were | been | |
| bear | bore | born | , |
| beat | beat | beaten | |
| become | became | become | |
| begin | began | begun | |
| bend | bent | bent | |
| bind | bound | bound | |
| bite | bit | bitten | |
| blow | blew | blown | |
| break | broke | broken | |
| bring | brought | brought | |
| build | built | built | |
| burst | burst | burst | , |
| buy | bought | bought | |
| catch | caught | caught | , |
| choose | chose | chosen | |
| cut | cut | cut | |
| deal | dealt | dealt | |
| dream | dreamt | dreamt | |
| do | did | done | |
| draw | drew | drawn | , |
| drink | drank | drunk | |
| drive | drove | driven | |
| eat | ate | eaten | , |
| hear | heard | heard | |
| hit | hit | hit | , |
| hold | held | held | |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | |
| know | knew | known | |
| keep | kept | kept | |
| lay | laid | laid | , |
| lead | laid | laid | |
| leap | leapt/leaped | leapt/leaped | |
| leave | left | left | |
| lend | lent | lent | |
| let | let | let | , |
| lie | lay | lain | |
| lose | lost | lost | |
| make | made | made | |
| meet | met | met | |
| pay | paid | paid | |
| put | put | put | |
| read | read | read | |
| ride | rode | ridden | |
| ring | rang | rung | |
| rise | rose | risen | |
| run | ran | run | |
| say | said | said | , |
| see | saw | seen | |
| sell | sold | sold | |
| send | sent | sent | |
| set | set | set | |
| shake | shook | shaken | |
| shine | shone | shone | , |
| shoot | shot | shot | |
| show | showed | shown/showed | |
| sing | sang | sung | |
| sink | sank | sunk | |
| sit | sat | sat | |
| sleep | slept | slept | |
| slide | slid | slid | |
| speak | spoke | spoken | |
| spend | spent | spent | |
| steal | stole | stolen | |
| stick | stuck | stuck | |
| strike | struck | struck/stricken | , |
| swear | swore | sworn | |
| swim | swam | swum | |
| take | took | taken | |
| teach | taught | taught | |
| tell | told | told | |
| think | thought | thought | |
| throw | threw | thrown | |
| wake | woke | woken | , |
| wear | wore | worn | |
| weep | wept | wept | |
| win | won | won | |
| wind | wound | wound | |
| write | wrote | written |
References.
1. , . . - , 600 , . . - : , 2000
2. , . . - , . . /: , 2008
3. , . . - , . . - : .
|
|
|
4. , .., , .., , .., - , .. , .. , .. - : - . .. , 1998
5. , .., , .., , .., , .., - , .. , .. , .. , .. - : , 2000.
6. Evans, Virginia, Dooley, Jenny, - Course Book Enterprise 4 Intermediate, Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley - Express Publishing, 1999.
7. Obee, Bob, Evans, Virginia, - Upstream Upper Intermediate, Bob Obee, Virginia Evans - Express Publishing, 2003
8. http://www.explainthatstuff.com/bridges.html
9. en.wikipedia.org
10. wikipedia.qwika.comfr2en/Tramway
11. http://www.railway-technology.com/features/featuretram-train-project-sheffield-irr-network-rail-4149853
