, , :
-
D ≥ d
- , , - 16, - 18, 20; = 18.
D =1814,0 = 252 .
( () 6636-69) [2]. ( Ra 5 Ra 10; Ra 10 - Ra 20; Ra 20 - Ra 40). , , , . Ra 20 [2] D = 280 ,
l L, m, D d.
. m 4.
-, , (m = 2),
L - , ,
L = + l .,
l .- , , l .= 2πD.
L = + 2πD = 3 40 + 2π0,28 = 121,76 ≈ 122 .
L l
.
Ra 20 [2] l = 900 .
.
, .
m = 3:
,
Ra 40 [2] l = 600 .
,
.
[1]:
δ = 0,02D + (6 10) .
δ = 0,02 280 + 10 = 15,6 ≈ 16 .
d, , δ = d = 14,0. δ = 15 .
, , , , , h = (2...2,5) d.
h = 2,0d = 2,0 14,0 = 28,0
:
D.= D + 2md + 2h,
,
D. = 280 + 2314,0 + 228 = 420 .
Ra40 [2] D. = 420 .
() :
|
|
L = l + 2δ ,
L = 600 + 215 = 630 .
:
,
S- , S= 18660 ;
V - , /;
η - ... .
V :
V = V,
- , = 3;
V - , V = 0,5 /.
,
V = 3 0,5 = 1,5 /.
... :
η = η = η η = 0,96 0,94 = 0,9,
η - ... , 0,96, η = 0,980,98 = 0,96;
η - ... , 0,94.
,
= 31100 = 31,1
[3] .4 [1], . 5 %. (=25%) 422583-30750 N = 30, 750 /, ω = 730 /. - = 247 . L = 840 .
42254 30750 - 4, , , 225 , , , , .
4
:
/,
D - (. . 3).
D =D + 3d = 280 + 3 14,0 = 322 = 0,322
89,01 ≈ 89 /.
:
[4], . 6 7 [1] , - , , , .
. 6 [1] , , - ( - 25%). -, - 15... 18 %. - , .
2-300821-, . 4, : ì = 8,32, , 750 / , - 40,3 .
[4], .7 [1] :
: L = 620 , = 300 , = 362 ,
: = + , , = 125 , - , = 175 . : Z1= 28, Z2 = 59, Z3 = 20, Z4 = 79.
(. 4) = 125 + 175 = 300 .
4 -
(11 ). - :
|
|
,
3 - ;
S -
S = 40 - 50 .
,
:
) ;
) ;
) ( - ).
,
507 > 300,
, .
.
/,
, ,
V. = πDn.= 3,14 0,322 87,7 = 88,67 /. = 1,478 /.
,
/
ΔV =
.
. - , . , . () (.5).
. .
:
= β, ͷ,
- ( ,
), ͷ;
β - , -
, 1,15, 1,75, 2,0, .
, , :
5 - : 1- ; 2 - ; 3 ; 4 , 12 ; 5 ; 6 ;7; 8 ; 9 ; 10 ; 11 , - 12 ; 12 .
,
.9 [1] = 618,1ͷ -300 - -45, , .5.
-300:
= 800 ͷ,
DT= 300 ,
=803,
=508 ,
: 1=205, 2=230, G=390, q=60, F1=422.
G =100,
-45 450 .
-300 - -45 (.5) - 12, 4 11. 3 1 5.
, 2 1. 2 , , , , . 3, 5. 5 11, 12. 5 7 8 . 9 , 8 , 5 6 . 1-1,5 . -
|
|
7.
- , 12 , - , .