Ç (.13).
, , : , (.16 ,17).
, .. D/L; , .. (D-d)/L (.28).
.28
, , , (.29).
-.
.29
, 8593-81 .3.. 1 2.
3.
α, . . | |||
1 | 2 | ||
1:500 | 1:500 | 6'52,5″ | |
1:200 | 1:200 | 17'11,3″ | |
1:100 | 1:100 | 34'22,6″ | |
1:50 | 1:50 | 18'45,2″ | |
1:30 | 1:30 | 154'34,9″ | |
1:20 | 1:20 | 251'51,1″ | |
1:15 | 1:15 | 349'5,9″ | |
1:12 | 1:12 | 446'18,8″ | |
1:10 | 1:10 | 543'29,3″ | |
1:8 | 1:8 | 79'9,6″ | |
1:7 | 1:7 | 810'16,4″ | |
1:6 | 1:6 | 931'38,2″ | |
1:5 | 1:5 | 1125'16,3″ | |
1:4 | 1:4 | 1415'0,1″ | |
1:3 | 1:3 | 1855'28,7″ | |
30 | 1:1,866025 | 30 | |
45 | 1:1,207107 | 45 | |
60 | 1:0,866025 | 60 | |
75 | 1:0,651613 | 75 | |
90 | 1:0,5000000 | 90 | |
120 | 1:0,288675 | 120 |
: (.30).
.30
, , Ð, . -, , (.31,) (.31,). 100%. , 1:5 20:100, .. 20%.
. 31
β . . | |
1:500 | 6'52,5″ |
1:200 | 17'11,3″ |
1:100 | 34'22,6″ |
1:50 | 18'44,7″ |
1:20 | 251'44,7″ |
1:10 | 542'38,1″ |
, 8908-81, 4.
|
|
4.
45 , .32.
. 32
, (.33,) (.33,).
. 33
1 , 45 -, (.34).
. 34
, 10948-64, 2.13.