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.. 19-

, 1997

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* * *

Mr. President,

First of all, Mr. President, please accept our congratulations/ we/should like to congratulate you/extend our congratulations on your election to this important/distinguished post. The Russian delegation/ shares the general desire for a productive session/like other delegations hopes our session will be productive/and will/in all possible ways/do everything possible/all in its power/to promote the/success of/successful conclusion/achievement of/your important task/agenda/ objective.

Russia for the most part/on the whole/approves of/assesses positively/looks favorably on/the continuation of/the developments in/ progress of/the implementation of the decisions of the UN conference on the environment and development of 1992. There has been a clearer identification/highlighting/demarcation/of priority areas/ priorities/and pressing/urgent/relevant/problems concerning/regarding the environment and in ensuring/achieving sustainable development. There are already in effect/we already see in operation the global conventions produced/ drawn up/initiated in Rio de Janeiro on climate change and biodiversity, and conditions are being established/created for the launching/start of new mechanisms for/ international legal regulation in the ecological sphere/area of the environment.

The concept of stable development adopted in Rio has been fleshed out/supplemented through the holding of subsequent UN fora on issues/problems of population, population centers, food security, social development, and enhancing the role of women. This has established/created a good/reliable/solid/basis/foundation for global partnership to bring about/for sustainable development.

A good deal/much/has been done, but there have not yet been qualitative changes/moves towards improving the earth's ecology. There is still a threat of further deterioration of the state of the planet's environment. This is shown/demonstrated/attested to/by the assessments recently prepared by authoritative international organizations and research-scientific institutes on the ecological situation in the world and (its) future prospects/perspectives for the future/given the continuation/maintenance of present economic models.

 


The major challenge to (efforts to achieve) sustainable development is being posed/raised by/technological innovations in economics in conditions of galloping/lightning/globalization and growing anthropogenic/human/pressure on nature, while modern civilization has no alternative which could in fact/truly/replace the regulating mechanisms of the biosphere.

This forum must/is being called on to provide an impetus for/to

stimulate/international environmental cooperation. It must focus on the elimination of existing gaps and shortcomings. These include the establishment of the best possible/optimal conditions for the transfer of ecologically safe technologies, more stable and predictable availability of/provision of resources to environmental projects/ activities, the development of work to draw up/produce a convention on the preservation and rational use of forest resources, etc.

Russia in today's difficult conditions/circumstances is doing all in its power/everything possible/to support the efforts of the international community to resolve these high priority global problems. An edict of the President of the Russian Federation, Boris Yeltsin, of I April 1996 defines the substance of our concept of the country's transition to sustainable development. We are unswervingly fulfilling our obligations under/strictly complying with/carrying out to the letter/the convention on climate change and the preservation of biological diversity, and are actively participating in other international efforts to bring about real/implement in practice/realize the words and deeds of/concept and practice of/sustainable development.

The foundation of/our approach to sustainable development/is stems from/Our approach to sustainable development is based on/ Russia's special responsibility for the ecology of the planet. Our impact on the global environment is a major one/extremely significant on an absolute scale, and also regarding the results produced as compared to other technologically advanced states. Russia possesses/has the (planet's) largest mass of natural ecosystems/on the planet, which serve/act as a reserve for the stability of the global biosphere.

The transition of our country to a market economic system and the fundamental/radical efforts for the/to bring/at bringing about

the/social transformation of society/allow to/bring about/promote greater/more/enhance responsibility for the state of the environment ecology/climate/during the process of the implementation of economic reform, for a more flexible combination of measures of state regulation with economic mechanisms.


We attach great significance to the strengthening of cooperation to counteract/resist the depletion of the earth's ozone layer, which is fraught with/which risks/which may have tragic/dramatic consequences

for mankind and for the biosphere.

Russia is interested in full-fledged participation in the Convention against desertification. Practical action/steps/real measures here/in this field will follow after the drawing up and adoption of an additional annex to the Convention, reflecting the specific conditions of countries with a transition economy.

We believe that the time is ripe/there is a need for/a speedy beginning of/to begin immediately/the negotiating process to produce an international-legal instrument on forests. We are aware of/ acknowledge the consequences of/damage caused by wasteful use of/the squandering of natural resources, and here/therefore believe that a highest priority objective/task is the restructuring of the energy sector.

As a country/which has forests/with forests/which account for/ one-fifth of all the large forests of the earth, Russia is extremely interested in/concerned for the rational use of and preservation of forests for the needs of our descendants and for all mankind. Forests are not only a resource for economic development but also the "lungs" which absorb, inter alia, those very gases which cause the greenhouse effect and threaten to destabilize the climate system.

(Due) Attention must also be paid to/focused on such fundamentally/ basically important questions as the quality of global drinking water resources; the preservation of the ecosystems of the World ocean; the comprehensive development of energy resources and ecological transportation; urbanization and food security.

We understand/are aware/that all these problems cannot be solved right away/right off/at one blow/, but our joint effectiveness/our joint effective actions/can and must be stepped up/intensified, by/ through unfailing/full and careful/rigorous/scrupulous/concern for the interests and genuine potential/actual/realistic possibilities/potential of all groups of states.

Thank you, Mr. President.

This text is packed with words and phrases which can be condensed or omitted, and many clauses require rephrasing. It also includes some useful and very common ecological terms which the student is well advised to learn.

:

1) since the speaker is addressing the President of the UN General Assembly, this is "Mr. President" and not "Mr. Chairman." should always be omitted when addressing the Chairman/President at the beginning of a speech.


2) to save time, the
interpreter can simply say, "Hopes our session will be successful" or
"productive," which is all this basically means.

3) "mission" should be avoided, and the
literal translation "responsible" does not work for .
"Important task" or "agenda"
gets the point across.

4) "has a
positive assessment" is cliched and awkward. "Approves of is what is
meant. "" does not have to be translated as "course;" the idea is one
of developments or continuation of implementation.

5) "high priority" is clearer than "priority"
here, and nine times out of ten is "area" rather than
"direction." as " " should be
rendered as relevant or pressing, rather than "actual." can
easily be omitted.

6) while often means "stable,"
has become the accepted rendering of "sustainable
development," and
is always translated as such.

7) since this is the last clause in the sentence
it needs "and" before it. If the interpreter fails to insert that, he can always
say, once he realizes that the sentence has come to an end, "enhancing
the role of women, etc./and other issues."

8) a good or reliable foundation has been
laid
is what is meant.

 

9) can easily be omitted "for sustainable
development" is sufficient.

10) antonymic translation is needed: "much" or "a
good deal"
or "a lot" has been done,

 

11) this required "thinking nominative,"
turning the into a nominative subject: "This demonstrates/proves..."

12) often can simply be rendered as "recently,"
which is idiomatic and saves time.

13) can easily be omitted.

14) this needs a compound tense,
since it involves description of a continuing process: "The challenge...is
being posed by..."

15) the idea here is either "is being called on," or, simply,
"must."

16) ... this is best translated by being turned into a
subject: "It must focus on..."

17) another example of how "thinking nominative"
simplifies the English syntax: "These include..." rather than the clumsy
construction, "Among them are..."


18) yet another "think nominative:" "An edict of the
President..."
Be sure to say "Boris Yeltsin" and not "B.N.Yeltsin," since
English does not ordinarily use initials with last names.

19) this needs a continuous compound
tense: We have been/we are unswervingly/strictly complying with our
obligations,
since there is obviously a process involved here.

20) a literal translation is
very clumsy. "To bring to life," "to implement in word and deed" get the
idea across.

21) is best rendered as
"fundamental" or "radical," but definitely not as "cardinal."

22) of the ozone layer is "depletion",
and
can be omitted since the meaning of the sentence is clear from
the verb "counteract" or "resist."

23) while "dramatic" often but not always
works as a translation for , "tragic" is sometimes a better
choice.

24) another clear case of "think nominative:" "Russia
is interested/wishes to..."

25) "realistic measures" is just
as good as "practical steps," and gets rid of the ever-present "practical."
" " can easily be rendered as "here" or "in this field."

26) "a forest power" sounds slightly odd, and "as
a country with forests" will solve the problem.

27) here
the ubiquitous "fraught with" can safely be dispensed with and replaced
by "threaten to."

 

28) this constantly recurring adjective is
universally detested by Russian-English interpreters, for "principled"
almost never works. "Fundamental" is a much better choice.

29) this can only be "comprehensive,"
definitely not "complex." The idea is of all-round, full-coverage
development, not of a "complicated" development.

 

30) "taking into account"
for will complicate this sentence. "Concern" (see above translations)
works much better.

31) don't forget "potential" as a translation of
.

32) don't spoil the impression created by an
excellent interpretation by mumbling something about "for your
attention." This is not a first grade classroom of students "paying
attention" to the teacher, and "thank you for your attention" does not
work in English. Just "I thank you" is fine.






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