1911 α-. K , , , , M
, .. , - -, 900, +q ( )
. (1911) , , . . , , .
4. ,
() 4
U ~ 15000 /
( 0,1 )
()
( E < 1M 1 ).
()
U ~ ( )
( 0,3 1 )
5. , .
( )
1903. zmX=>zmY+24He a-
zmX=>zmY+-10e - b-
.
(1911 )
1) (.. )
2) (.. m )
(1912)
11H () 21H - 31H
ZMX
Z =
M Z =
M =
-10e 01n 11H - (, , ); = +
11H < - > 10n
1) (10-15)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)1F =100F
11. .(∆M)
12. , , . E= ∆M*c2=∆M*931,1()= ∆M*1489,76*10-19() 1=1,6*10-19
, (E=ECB / )
14. ()
|
|
|
- , , .
15.
16. . . . ( )
- , (a / b) - .
1) ∆M<0
2) ∆M>0
.
- , , , .
18. .
1) 235-
2) m - > (. m = 50 )
3) K=1 K=Ni / (N i-1) (Ni ; Ni-1 )
K>1 (0,1%) ( )
K<1
19. , .
:
-
-
- .
:
-
-
- (1986 . - ).
20. ( )
1969 (.)
31H+21H=>42He+10n+Q t=10-6c
1)T=107K; 2)∆t=>T=const.
( / )
:
, .
, .
, ( B), 70
(D= / ) [ - ] , 1 () 1 = 1 = 1 / = 1 ² / ²
H=DK ()
, = 1
= 10
= 20
= mD []
