1. What are the chief parts of the human body?
2. What is the skeleton composed of?
3. What parts of the skull do you know?
4. What bones form the trunk?
5. 5.What organs does the upper cavity contain?
6. 6.What are the principal organs of the lower cavity?
7. 7.How many vertebrae are there in the spine?
8. 8.How is the upper extremity connected with the chest?
9. 9.What are the pats of the upper and the lower extremities?
10. 10.What is the function of the cartilages and ligaments?
11. 11.What is the skeleton covered with?
12. 12.What are the main systems of the human body?
13.How can the regulation between the systems be demonstrated?
Task 4. Match the English sentences to their Russian equivalents.
| Human body is a very complex system consisting of three chief parts | 32-34 . |
| The base of the body is the skeleton | |
| The skull contains 26 cranial and facial bones. | -. |
| The head is connected with the trunk by the neck. | . |
| The skeleton of the trunk consists of the spinal column and the chest. | . |
| The trunk is divided into two cavities. | . |
| The spine of an adult consists of 32 or 34vertebrae. | , , . |
| The upper extremity is connected with the chest by the shoulder | 400 . |
| The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints. | . |
| The skeleton is covered with more than 400 muscles. | . |
| There are several main systems of the body. | 26 . |
| The vital activities of the cells, tissues, organs and the whole organism are based on metabolism. | - , 3 . |
| The regulation between various systems of organs can be demonstrated by the coordinated changes in their activities. | () . |
Task 5. Translate the given sentences into Russian, close you books and translate them back into English.
1.All medical students must know the structure of the human body perfectly well.
2. The bones of various sizes and shapes give firm but flexible support to the soft tissues, muscles and organs.
3. The ear includes 3 main parts: the external ear, the middle ear, the internal ear.
4. In the mouth there are 2 gums with teeth, the tongue and the palate.
5. The trunk is divided into two cavities.
6. The principal organs of the lower (abdominal)cavity are the stomach,the liver,the spleen, the gall-bladder, the kidneys, the bladder and the intestines.
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7. The vertebrae are divided into the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral vertebrae and the coccyx.
8. The chest (thorax) is composed of 12 thoracic vertebrae, the breastbone and 12pairs of ribs.
9. The parts of the lower extremity are: the thigh (hip), the leg and the foot.
10. The bones of the skeleton are connected together by the joints or by the cartilages and ligaments.
11. The skeleton is covered with more than 400 muscles.
12. The skin is the upper layer of the skeleton (body).
13. The vital activities of the cells, tissues, organs and the whole organism are based on metabolism.
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