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American Educational System




Education in America is largely the business of the individual State, not the Federal Government. Each of fifty states has its own system of education. There is no Ministry of Education such as exist in many countries, no national system of education. The Federal Government of the United States does not interfere in any way with public education within the states.

Americans tend to study a larger number of subjects than Europeans, in school, and particularly at the university. Seven subjects are required for a first degree (Bachelors degree) in many colleges. In the USA wide, and sometimes superficial, knowledge is often valued more than specialization.

There are more than two thousand institutions of higher education in the United States. Young people who want to enter higher education must have attended a high school for four years. This means that a student who wants to study at the university or college must begin by doing good work in high school. If his results in high school are satisfactory, he is enrolled to a university or college, where he may take a Bachelors degree after a four-year course of study.

The first two years in an American college or university differ somewhat from a similar period in a European one. These years in American college are a continuation of secondary education. During this time certain courses must be completed before a student may begin study of his special field. Among the required courses are American history or government and physical education. In addition to the subjects which the freshmen (first-year students at American university) have to take, they may choose from the following courses to complete their programs of study: history, mathematics, chemistry, physics, French, German, Latin, geography, journalism, economics etc. The courses which students select depend, of course, on the field of study in which he wants to major.

The aim of American education is to create a good citizen, rather than a scholar. That is why great emphasis is placed on the social duties and obligations, on communicating with other people, and obtaining varied information, which will be of practical use in life.

I. Language

1. Vocabulary to be learn:

Laboratory / Lab

language laboratory ;

lab(oratory) assistant ;

lab equipment ();

laboratories / practicals ;

to be going to ;

to be an applicant for entry , ;

to take a preparatory course ;

a tutorial ( );

an instructor ;

Lecture

to give a lecture (to lecture) ;

to give a talk / to read a paper /;

to attend a lecture ;

to miss a lecture ; (but, miss) ;

to skip a lecture ;

to take notes of a lecture

to carry away the audiences

Lesson / Class

homework

preparation hours ;

to check up attendance ;

Academic Progress

to do well (to learn with ease) ;

to make good /poor progress / ;

to be behind /catch up / ;

to be strong /weak in / ;

to be good at (languages) ;

to be keen on (math) / ;

to do ones homework ;

to distinguish oneself

to hunger for knowledge -

to look forward to

to get scholarship / grant ;

to last ;

to stay ;

Students

Unit 4 Topic:Students Life Language:Indefinite Tenses (Present, Past, Future) Text:Students Life  
first-years student / freshman (Am) ;

to enter ;

to graduate (from) ;

bright / capable student ;

steady / hard working student ;

top student , ;

problem student ;

to loaf / loafer / ;

commute ;

it takes me 15 minutes to get there - 15

to decide/ to make up ones mind -

Examination / Grading Period

credits / exams / ;

entrance / term exams / / /

finals ;

oral / written examinations / ;

to read up for (exams) ;

to take / sit for exams ;

to resit for an exam ;

to pass an exam ;

to fail (in/at) ();

examining board ;

examiner (strict, demanding) (, );

to give / conduct examination ;

to give / to take marks / ;

excellent, good ,

satisfactory / passing (mark) / ();

bad / poor / failing mark ;

to enter the mark in ;

a record book ;

an examination record ;

honours degree ;

Hostel

room- mate ;

group-mate ;

recreation hall ;

students canteen ;

Social Activities

to be responsible for / in charge of ;

to take on current events 䳿;

amateur shows / theatricals ;

Recreation Time

vacation / holidays / / ;

to go in for sports ;

to go hiking /on walking tours ;

to get sunburns /tanned / ;

to play (sport, computer) games ( );

to go to farewell (reunion) parties ;

to have a get together ;

to have a good time ;

to have a lot of fun ;

to play piano (the guitar) / ;

to celebrate a holiday ;

to mark a date /an occasion / ;

birthday /wedding / ;

to have a rest ;

 

II. Grammar





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