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:




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III.




1. . , , , , . :

) - be, , .

The main point of a transform-

er is providing the change of

voltage ( : .

be -, providing - ).

) , , :

to begin, to start -

to continue, to go on -

to finish - ,

to give up - (-. ),

to keep (on) -

to stop -

) , :

cannot help ( ) + +

:

They could not help using this

information. .

(it is) worth +

(it is) worthwhile

:

It is worth (while) discussing .

this phenomenon.

no use () +

:

There is no use considering these

writings. .

 

IV. ing-

1. , ing ( ing -) I, :

covering Participle I ()

()

(by) covering Gerund - () ()

(a) covering Noun - , , ()

2. : , - .

) ing - ( ) of, , , , , ;

) ing - of, , , , , , , . .:

There are different ways of

solving a problem (solving

, - .

).

The solving of the problem

was approved (the solving .

, -

).

 

V. .

Active Passive
Indefinite Perfect planning having planned being planned having been planned

Indefinite Gerund , ;

Perfect Gerund , ;

Active Gerund , ;

Passive Gerund ( ) .

:

We know of the work being , -

carried out in his laboratory. .

We know of the work having , -

been carried out in his labo- .

ratory.

, , ( ) . : .

 





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