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, const (, int const int int int &).

 

, :

- , ;

- , ;

- ( ).

 

 

++ , , , , . #include , . .

: /, , , ..

/

/ ++ , , ++. , sync_with_stdio ().

/ <stdio.h> <cstdio>. / . , , .

. / . :

FILE *fopen(const *filename, cnst char *mode);

FILE , − NULL. − -, − :

"r" − ;

"w" − ( , );

"a" − ;

"r+" − ( );

"w+" − ;

"a+" − .

"t" ( ) "b" ( ).

FILE *f = fopen("d:\\users\\data.dat", "rb+");

f . / .

/

/ : , . .

/ , , . ( ) /. ftell fgetpos fseek fsetpos:

int fgetpos (FILE *f, fpos_t *pos);

f pos. fpos_t.

int ftell (FILE *f);

f .

int fseek (FILE *f, long off, int org);

f off, org, :

SEEK_CUR − ;

SEEK_END − ;

SEEK_SET − .

int fsetpos (FILE *f, const fpos_t *pos);

f *pos, fgetpos.

fread fwrite:

size_t fread (void *buffer, size_t size, size_t count, FILE *stream);

, count, .

size_t fwrite (void *p, size_t size, size_t n, FILE *f);

n size , p f. .

getc fgetc; stdin − getchar:

int getc (FILE *f);

int f. , EOF ( ).

int fgetc (FILE *f);

, .

int getchar (void);

int . , EOF.

− putc, fputc; stdout − putchar.

int putc (int ch, FILE *f);

ch f. EOF, − .

int fputc (int ch, FILE *f);

.

int putchar (int ch);

ch ; , ch, EOF.

− fgets; stdin − gets:

char * gets (char *s);

s. s.

char *fgets (char *s, int n, FILE *f);

n-1 f s, . , . ('\0'). NULL, − s.

− fputs; stdout − puts.

int fputs (const char *s, FILE *f);

s f. . EOF, − .

int puts (const char *s);

s , . EOF − .

− fscanf; stdin − scanf, − sscanf.

int fscanf (FILE *f, const char *fmt [, par1, par2,...]);

par1, par2,... , fmt f. , .

int scanf (const char *fmt [, par1, par2,...]);

par1, par2,... , fmt . , .

int sscanf (const char *buf, char *format [, par1, par2,...]);

, ; format − , .

− fprintf; stdout − printf; − sprintf.

int fprintf (FILE *f, const char *fmt,...);

f , , fmt. .

int printf (const char *fmt,...);

, , , fmt.

int sprintf (char *buffer, const char *format [, argument,...]);

buffer format.

 

, fclose:

int fclose (FILE *);

feof ferror:

int feof (FILE *) − , ; .

int ferror(FILE *) − , /; .

. , mon . . (20 ), ( 5 ), 40 :

#include <iostream.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <stdlib.h>

# include <string.h>

int main () {

FILE *fi, *fo;

if ((fi=fopen("d:\\users\\file.txt", "r")) = =0) {

cout << " "; return 1;}

if ((fo=fopen("d:\\users\\binfile.out", "w+b")) = =0) {

cout << " "; return 1;}

const int dl=80;

char s[dl];

struct {

char type[20];

int opt, rozn;

char comm[40];

} mon;

int kol =0; //

while (fgets(s, dl, fi)) {

// s mon

strncpy (mon.type, s, 19); // 20 s mon.type

mon.type[19]='\0';

mon.opt=atoi(&s[20]); //

mon.rozn=atoi(&s[25]);

strncpy(mon.comm, &s[30], 40); //

//

fwrite(&mon, sizeof mon,1, fo);

kol++;}

fclose (fi);

fclose (fo);

rerurn 0;

}

. :

- ;

- ;

- ;

- ;

- ;





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