.
Ethernet , OSI. Ethernet IEEE 802.3. Ethernet 1990- , , Arcnet Token ring.
Ethernet ( ) : , , ( ). (), , , ( ) .
Ethernet - , , (. 1).
.1 Ethernet
- .
Ethernet ( , ), , . ( , ) (CSMA/CD Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection). . . , .. , . . , , , . , () . , . , . , , jam- (32 ), , . , 25 .
, .. , (- , ). , , ().
Ethernet, , , .. ( , , : ). Ethernet .
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Ethernet
- 10 / Ethernet: 10Base2, 10Base5 10BaseT.
. 10 (10 /c), Base ( . baseband) ( Ethernet ), 2 5 , .
Ethernet RG-58A/V ( 0,2 ). 50 . . . 185 , , - 30.
Ethernet - , 0,4 50 . - 500 .
, , - (). 2- , .. 2 185 . -. - , ().
. 925 .
4- . 4 .
10BaseT , (twisted pair ). - , . Ethernet 8- , . .
- hub ( , ). . 100 . RJ-45. , - . RJ-45 , .
- , . , .
- 8, 12, 16 24. .
- Fast Ethernet (100 / Ethernet): 100BaseT, 100BaseTX, 100BaseFX
- Gigabit Ethernet (1000 /c Ethernet): 1000BaseLX, 1000BaseSX ( ) 1000BaseTX ( )
- Ethernet 10G (10 / Ethernet)
- Ethernet 100G (100 /c Ethernet)
Ethernet
IFG (Inter Frame Gap) 12 , . , . .
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7 (56 ), ( , , ..). 7 10101010.
SFD (Start of Frame Delimiter) . 1 , , . 10101011.
Destination MAC MAC- . 6 , (). 16- (, B0-45-C3-AA-9D-11). -. - : 1- (0 , 1 ), 2- - (0 , 1 ( )), 22 -, IEEE , , 24 ID (). , 1, . - , FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF. - 48 , - 248 281 474 976 710 656 .
Source MAC - . 0.
2 , , . , Ethernet- IP , 08 00 ( 16- ).
46 1500 . 46 , ( ) 46 . 1500 , ( ) 1500 .
CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Checksum) FCS (Frame Checking Sequency) 4 , - . -, , , . , , , . , ( ), - .
, SFD. 64 (18 , .. , , 46 ), , , 1518.