.
.
1.
:
- ;
- , ;
- .
1.
1.
.
- | -3307 | ||
- | 8 88 | ||
-1 | |||
Vh | 5,0 | ||
, | * | ||
, D | 0,80 | ||
, S | 0,80 | ||
, | 105 | 1,0 | |
, | 0,124 | ||
,t | 0,045 | ||
,b | 0,45 | ||
* : , , | 700 / 100 | ||
1,77 | |||
iwr (iw)** | - - | 3,1 (2,4) | |
, aj: a1 a2 a3 | - - - | 0,60 0,35 0,05 | |
b | - | 0,65 | |
: - y 1,2 - y 3 | - - | 0,02 0,04 | |
* * , Va ,Va1 , Va2 , Va3 | / | 25 (30) 35 (40) 5 (10) | |
, | |||
, i | 105 | 2,30 | |
- - - | |||
/ | |||
/ | |||
6,17 | |||
240R508 | |||
0,476 | |||
2 | 4,22 | ||
*2/4 | 0,6 | ||
** .
|
|
.
5-6 , , .
, , , .
:
= +(R - *n)-1,
- ;
, , -- ;
R -- ;
n = -0 =1984-1970=14 - ( - , 0 - 1970 ).
2
.
= k × k × qc (pR + 0,1D2 ×`pi × b-1 × r-1) | Kr = - 1,74 × 103 + 4,39 × 105 / (`Rr - 3n) |
:
= k × k × qc (pR + 0,1D2 ×`pi × b-1 × r-1)
k - - ;
k - ;
pR - ;
D - , ;
pi - , ;
b - , ;
r = 0,5(D - t) -- , ;
t - , ;
S -- , /;
l - ;
S - , ;
r - , /3.
= 0,144*0,364*1795,72*(0,496+0,1*0,82*0,355*(0,2)-1*(0,476)-1)=69,15
:
Kr = - 1,74 × 103 + 4,39 × 105 / (`Rr - 3n), :
Rr = (4,39 × 105 /(Kr + 1,74 × 103))+3n
Rr = (4,39 × 105 /(69,15 + 1,74 × 103))+3*14=237,15 .
:
1) ij, Pwij, Pij - :
yij = (Ga + gq)yi, (1)
Ga -- , ;
q -- , ;
g - , = 1;
y - .
Ga = 7850*9.8 = 74274 (),
q = 4500*9.8 =44100 (),
(74274+44100)*0.04 = 4841,2,
wij = (kF × V2aij) / 13, (2)
kF - , *2/2;
Vaij -- , /.
wij = 4,22*252/13= 28,85,
gij = ki [(Me× i0 × iwj × h) / r ], (3)
gij = 0,2 ((300*6,17*1,74*0,9 ¸ 0,88)/0,476)= 2259,09,
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ki - , ( - ki =0, ki = 0,2, ki = 0,3);
Me - Me = 300, *;
io - io = 6,17;
ij - j- .
2
, .
y1j | w1j | g1j | y2j | w2j | y3j | w3j | g3j | ||
2420,6 | 28,85 | 2259,09 | 2420,6 | 56,54 | 4841,2 | 1,15 | 2259,09 | ||
1509,2 | 41,54 | 1748,98 | 1509,2 | 73,85 | 3018,4 | 4,62 | 1748,98 | ||
2) `peij , , - :
n l
`peij = å å aibj [(1,25r ×10-2) / (Vh × i0 ×`iij ×h)] × [(1-ki)(yij + wij) + gij ], (4)
i=1 j=1
r - , ;
Vh - , ;
i0 - ;
iij - ;
h - ;
bj - ,
n l
å ai = 1 å bj = 1;
i=1 j=1
yij, wij, gij - ,
i- j- , .
`pe1 = 1*1*(1,25*0,476*10-2/5,0*6,17*1,74*1,02)*((1-0,2)*(2420,6+28,85)+ +2259,09)=0,46405,
pe2 = 1*1*(1,25*0,476*10-2/5,0*6,17*1,74*1,02)*(1*(56,54+2420,6)=0,27249,
pe3 = 1*1*(1,25*0,476*10-2/5,0*6,17*1,74*1,02)*((1-0,2)*(4841,2+1,15)+ +2259,09)=0,67463,
iij :
l n
iij = 0,6 × Vmax (å bj å ai ×`V i j) -1, (2)
j=1 i=1
Vmax - ;
Vij - i- j-
.
iij = 0,6*90/1*1*30,95 = 1,74
`Vij = b(a1 × Va1+a2 × Va2+a3 × Va3)+(1-b)(a1 × Va1+a2 × Va2+a3 × Va3), (3)
b - ;
ai - , ;
Vai, Vai - .
Vij=0,65(0,55*25+0,44*35+0,01*5)+(1-,065)*(0,55*30+0,44*40+0,01*10)= =30,95, /
`P :
`P = b(a1 ×`P1+a2 ×`P2+a3 ×`P3)+(1-b)(a1 ×`P1+a2 ×`P2+a3 ×`P3), (4)
b - ;
ai - ,
;
`Pi, `Pi -
.
`P = 0,65*(0,55*0,464+0,44*0,272+0,01*0,675)=0,24806,
`P = (1-0,65)*(0,55*0,329+0,44*0,174+0,01*0,458)= 0,09173,
ij `P 4.
4
ai bj | |||||
e1j | e2j | e3j | `P | ||
0,464 | 0,272 | 0,675 | 0,248 | ||
0,329 | 0,174 | 0,458 | 0,092 |
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3. `P :
`P = + `m, (5)
P = 0,04+0,0135*4,95=0,10682,
, - , (. )
`m = (2S × i0 × 0,6 Vmax) / (60 × 0,377 × r) - , /.
m =(2*0,08*0,6*90*6,17)/(60*0,377*0,476)=4,95
4. (`Pi) - :
`Pi =`Pe +`P, (6)
`P - , ;
`P - , .
Pi =`0,248+0,10682=0,355,
Pi =`0,092+0,10682=0,199,
5. , :
R = (0,424 × × ) / [(3 - x) × D × (D × t-1 - 1)3], (7)
- , ;
x - , (x = 0,196);
- .
R = (0,424*1,0*0,124)/((3-0,196)*0,8*(0,8*0,045-1-1)3)= 0,496,
6. - - :
- :
() = (e0,2t × HBm × HBn) / (HB + H), (8)
e0,2t - ;
HB, H - , .;
m, n - ; m=1,5 n=2, m=2,5 n=1,0.
() =(1,770,045*2101,0*7002,5)/(100+210)=9010787
:
k = 1 / l g . (9)
k =1/ lg 9010787 =0,14
7. :
= D0,38 × `cm0,5 [(632`pi) / (H × hi)]0,88, (10)
H - , / (
H = 43 961 /, H = 42 496 /);
hi- (-hi=0,45, -hi= 0,31).
=0,80,38*4,950,5*(632*0,355/43961*0,31)0,88=0,10547
8. :
k = / max, (11)
max -
.
max =0,080,38*8,530,5*(632*0,7536/43961*0,31)0,88=0,29
k = 0,10547/0,29=0,36369
max (10) (m) (pe), (ne):
cm = (2S × ne) / 60 (12)
cm =2*0,08*3200/60=8,53
`pe = [(0,314 × t × Me) / Vh] × 10-2 (13)
t - .
pe =(0,314*4*300/5)*10-2=0,7536
9. (, ) :
qc = (250 × i0 ×`iij) / (p × r). (14)
qc = (250*6,17*1,74)/(3,14*0,476)= 1795,72
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, (1) - (14) . 2. . 2,
: , .
:
V = 16,507`R-0,807, (15)
V = 16,507*237,15-0,807 =0,2
:
s`R = V ×`R. (16)
s`R = 0,2*237,15=47,44
, .
5.
l(.) | |||||||||||||||||
f (li) | 0,00241 | 0,00236 | 0,00231 | 0,00229 | 0.00221 | 0.00216 | 0.00210 | 0.00205 | 0.00200 | 0.00195 | 0.00190 | 0.00185 | 0.00180 | 0.00175 | 0.00170 | 0.00165 | |
.1..
1
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, , , .
. , , , , , .
:
. . .. .: , 1985 .;
. . .: , 1971.;
. .: , 1989.;
. . . .: , 1998