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- , .

, :

- TCP/IP

- HTTP

- FTP

- TELNET

- WAIS

- Gorpher

- WAP

TCP/IP

IP, , . TCP .

TCP/IP , . . , TCP, , . , IP, . .

HTTP

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol - ) TCP/IP - . HTTP Web-. HTTP . HTTP World Wide Web.

HTTP, , HTTP-. Web- , .

, Web-, - - - (HyperText Markup Language, HTML). : http://www.tut.by

FTP

FTP (File Transfer Protocol - . FTP (File Transfer Protocol) . , , FTP - TCP.

TELNET

telnet , . .

, . . Telnet- , , Windows 98.

WAIS

WAIS (Wide-Area Information Servers). . WAIS , . - . - WAIS.

, . , , . , . WAIS : wais://site.edu

Gorpher

Gopher - , 1991 . World Wide Web Gopher ( ) . Gopher WWW, , . - Gopher . Gopher , , , telnet- WAIS. Web- . Gopher : gopher://gopher.tc.umn.edu

WAP

WAP (Wireless Application Protocol) 1997 Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia Phone.com , , . Web-, ( ) .

 

DNS

 

DNS (. Domain Name System ) . IP- ( ), , (SRV-).

DNS DNS-, .

DNS , IP-, ( ) , IP-. , , HTTP-, . IP- hosts, . , , DNS.

DNS 1983 .

DNS :

́ (. domain ) , ( ), . ; ( ), ('.'), ( ), , . . (, ru.wikipedia.org org, wikipedia, ru). , FQDN.

(. subdomain) (, wikipedia.org org, ru.wikipedia.org wikipedia.org). 127 , 63 , 254 . . , mydomain.ru, mysite1.mydomain.ru, mysite2.mydomain.ru . .

DNS. ( , ), , .

( ), , . . . , . DNS , /, ; , . , 0- 1- ('.', ru, com, ) , . (2- ) .

. DNS . , DNS-, . , DNS- , , , DNS- .

DNS- DNS, , . DNS- / .

DNS- ( ) DNS. DNS- DNS-.

DNS-. DNS- : ( , ) , , . DNS- ( ) ( ).

DNS- ( ) .

DNS DNS-, . DNS, .

IP- IP- , - ( ). IP-: .

, , , , . 13 , . DNS TCP- UDP- . UDP . TCP AXFR-.

 





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