, ( , ), , . :
. 7.1. .
1) (.7.1). :
2= h (7.1)
2P=asinβ. (7.2)
, (7.2), .
2) (.7.2). a, , c β 1 β 2, , .
. 7.2.
(. 7.2) , , (+) (+) γ , γ, ..
2= (+)(+) sin γ- sin γ = (+++)) sinγ- sin γ = sin γ + sin γ+ sin γ + sin γ - sin γ. (7.3)
, γ () β 1 β2, ..
γ = 180º - (180º- β 1) -(180º - β 2)= β1 + β 2-180º. ()
, , ..
/sin(180º- β2) = / sin γ,
= sin β2 / sin γ. ()
,
/ sin (180º- β1)= /sin γ,
= sin β1 / sin γ. ()
(), (), () (7.3), :
2= sin β1 + c sin β2 + ac sin (β1 + β2 - 180º). (7.4)
3) (.7.3). , β1, β2 .
,
2= ( + ) h. (7.5)
.7.3. .
(.7.3.) , +y = - ,
= h ctg β1, = h ctg β2,
+ = h (ctg β1 + ctg β2) = -.
h =( - )/ (ctg β1 + ctg β2).
(7.5) :
2 =(2 - 2)/ (ctg β1 + ctg β2). (7.6)
4) (.7.4).
.7.4 .
1-2-3 ( ) 1-3-4-5 ( ).
2= s1s2sin β +s3s4 sin β4 + s4s5 sin β5 + s3s5 sin (β 4 + β5 - 180º).
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5) , (7.4) .
, .
(. 7.5), . 1-2-3-4-5 , , - 2 - 1, 3 - 2 . .,
= - 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - - - 1 - 5 - 4 - = ½ (1 + 2)(2 - 1) +½ (2 + 3)(3 - 2) +½ (3 + 4)(4 - 3) - ½ (4 + 5)(4 - 5) - ½ (5 + 1)(5 - 1).
. 7.5. .
,
2 = ∑ ( ++1)(+1 -). (7.7)
,
2 = ∑ (-1-+1), (7.8)
2 = ∑ (+1--1). (7.9)
. . . (7.8-7.9) , .
(7.8 7.9)
2 = ∑ ( + +1)Δ (7.10)
2 = ∑ Δ + ∑ +1Δ. (7.11)
200 0,1 , - 1.
, (7.8 7.9) .
2 = ∑ +1 - ∑ -1
2 = ∑ +1 - ∑ -1.
. 1/2000.
(7.8, 7.9 7.10) .
1. = 40,0 h = 100,0 .
(7.1), ..
= 0,5 h = 40,0 100,0 = 2000 2.
2. = 40,0 , b = 100,0 β =40º.
2= b sin β =40,0 100,0 sin 40º = 12862.
.. 4.11 - 4.17.
1. ? .
2. ? .
3. ?
4. ?
5. .
6. ?
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