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, , .

(singular) :

cup, gun, bubble

(plural) :

three cups, two guns, thousands of bubbles

, -s. [ z ] :

shoe shoe s
hen hen s

[ s ] :

bat bat s

, s, ss, x, sh, ch, -es [ iz ]:

bass bass es
match match es
leash leash es
box box es

-y, , -y i -es:

lobb y lobb ies
sk y sk ies

: (the two Germanys, the Gatsbys) (stand-bys).

-y , -s, y :

bay bay s
day day s
way way s

-o -es:

potat o potato es
tomat o tomato es
her o hero es

: bamboos, embryos, folios, kangaroos, radios, studios, zoos, Eskimos, Filipines, kilos, photos, pros, pianos, concertos, dynamos, solos, tangos, tobaccos.

-f -fe, -v- -es:

thie f thie ves
wol f wol ves
hal f hal ves
wi fe wi ves

: proofs, chiefs, safes, cliffs, gulfs, reefs

:

man men
woman women
tooth teeth
foot feet
goose geese
mouse mice
louse lice
child children
ox oxen
brother brethren (, )

:

sheep sheep
swine swine
deer deer
grouse grouse
series series
species species
corps corps

Chinese, Japanese, Portuguese, Swiss:

a Chinese a group of seven Chinese
()

, ( , ):

basis bases
crisis crises
phenomenon phenomena
stimulus stimuli
formula formulae
datum data
index indices
bureau bureaux

:

formula formulas / formulae
focus focuses / foci

, .

:

housewi ves, schoolchild ren

man / woman :

wom e n-writer s, gentlem e n-farmer s
, -

- man - men:

policem a n policem e n

, :





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