5. -
() . , . ( ). , , , . , . ( , ), ( ), . . , , (.1). , .
.1. :
1- r; 2 , > ; 3 - , < ; 4- , < <
(, , ), . , () , , .. , .
. , , V (. 2). , , V, , . , () , .
. , , . . , f dV/dY, S, h:
[1]
dv/dx - , ( ), S - , h - ( - , ).
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. 2. () () (, 361 )
1. , v; 2- ; 3.- , ( );
, .
, (). , , , , . . , . , , , . . t. , . . , , .. h~t. , . . , (. 2, ). . , t l Dp , :
V = pr4Dp t/ 8 hl [2]
r - , l - , h - . , , .. , . () . , . , , . r, l, Dp .
(. 3). , , . , . , , - . t0 . . t . . D = rgh, r - , h - . , , V = pr4Dp0t0/(8n0l), pr4Dp0t0/(8n0l) = pr4Dpt/(8nl),
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[3]
Dp0 = r0gh, Dp = rgh [3], :
r0ght0/h = rght/h ght0/n0 = ght/n,
n = n0t/t0 [4]
n - (n = h/), n0 - (0,105 ×10-2 2/), t - , t0 - .
= n 0/t0 [5].
[4] n = At.
. h0 h. h/h0, h.
. 3. (1), (2) ( )
. h0 h. h/h0, h.
h, , ,
h = h - h0 / h0 = h 1 [6]
. . , . (, ). , () [h]:
= lim h/ @ V [6]
h - , h0 - , - , , V - , . , , V.
[h] = νVN0/M [7]
, N0 = , V = , ν - ( )
, h / = 0.
, . , . . [h] = k0M, k0 - , - . . = 0. , . [5] ln[h] = ln k + a ln M. [h] = f(M) . [h] = f(M), .
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(. 4). , . .
h ( ) ּ (-), h - (): 1 ּ = 10 . 20º 1 ּ, 10 ּ. 4-5 ּ, 1,7 23 ּ. n. n 2/ ( ), (): 1 2/ =10000 . , , . . . , 2 12 /, 2 127 /. , . , , . - Re.
Re = ρvD/h = vD/n