2. 1. RC -
, R, RC -. RC - t = RC, .
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, . 2.1. U 1 , U 2 . , , , .
I .
( R = const),
,
. . U 2 UR.
τ → ¥: << , , .. U 1 ≈ U 2. ( >> ), τ >> 1/ω, , , τ >> (ω , ). .
τ → 0: << , .. . , τ RC- . ( << ), τ << 1/ω τ << .
, :
φ = φ2 φ1.
, . |γ| φ = φ2 φ1 ( ) . - () , ().
Z = XC + R,
, , U 2 = IR.
τ << 1/ω ( ) γ ≈ iωτ. ( γ) π/2, .
τ >> 1/ω ( ) γ ≈ 1, . . .
:
, ω >> 1/τ ω → ∞, → 0, |γ| → 1.
, ω << 1/ τ ω → 0, >> 1, |γ| → 0.
. 2.2. , .
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2. 2. RC -
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, RC - (. 2.3). :
U 1 = IR + UC,
:
U 2 = UC, :
τ → 0 ( ) U 2 ≈ U 1. .
τ → ∞ ( ):
. . . .
:
ω << 1/τ ( ) γ ≈ 1. ω >> 1/τ ( ) γ π/2, .
:
φ = arctg (ωτ).
, ω >> 1/τ ω → ∞, ω2τ2 >> 1, |γ| → , |γ| → 0.
, ω << 1/τ ω → 0, |γ| → 1.
. 2.4. , .
3
. RC -.
1. RC -, Electronics WorkBench, 1. -.
2. R C, , τ. | Z | - ( ) , |γ| - , φ - -. . RC -.
, (U = U 1 ,U = U 2),
,
arg (γ) = φ (U ) φ (U ) =φ (U 2) φ (U 1) = arg(Z),
arg (Z) = φ (U ) φ (I ) = φ (U 1) φ (U 2).
3. τ = RC ( R , C , R C: 2τ = (2 R) C = R (2 C) = ( R) ( C). R C. . 1.
1
R | C | τ | |
4. 50%. 2.
2
f | |
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5. RC -, . 2.
4
. RC -
1. RC -, Electronics WorkBench, 2. -.
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2. R C, , τ. ( ) , , -. . .
3. τ . R C. 1 (. 3).
4. 50 %. 2 (. 3).
5. RC -, . 2.