1
1.
JAPAN INCREASES TRADE AND INVESTMENT IN ASIA
Japan has been the most powerful country in Asia, but it had little trade with the region until now. Now, Japan is doing more trade with Asia than with the rest of the world.
In 1985 the US was Japan's main customer; Japan exported a third more to the US than to Asia. Now, Asia buys 30% more than the US and three times as much as Europe. Japanese imports from Asia increased by 150% between 1985 and 1995. Now, Japan's imports amount to $60 billion from Asia in 1993, compared to $50 billion from the US and $24 billion from Europe.
In 1994, Japan invested $7.7 million in Asia. During the next few years, 75% of Japan's direct investment will be there. Japanese investment in the region is now $64 billion, as against US investment of $26 billion, or German investment of $7 billion.
Thailand expects new Japanese investment to reach $8 billion by 1998. Already, Japan controls 90% of Thailand's auto market. Labour costs in Japan are high, so Japanese companies are setting up in countries where workers get paid much less; an increasing number of Japan's employees now live outside Japan.
(, C):
1. Where was Japan's biggest export market in 1985?
A Europe
The US
Asia
2. Which of these regions exports least to Japan?
A Europe
Asia
The US
3. Japanese investment in the region is expected to increase in the future
A to seventy-five per cent of Japan's total investment.
by one hundred and fifty per cent.
to ninety per cent of the Thai auto market.
4. Japan is setting up companies in countries like Malaysia and Thailand
because
A they can manufacture better cars.
investment has increased in recent years.
labour is much cheaper there.
(A-H) 5-8:
5. How much will Japan invest in Thailand by 1998?
6. How much have the Americans invested in the region so far?
| A | $7 billion | E | $26 billion |
| $ 7.7 million | F | $50 billion | |
| $ 8 billion | G | $60 billion | |
| D | $24 billion | H | $64 billion |
7. How much did Japan invest in Asia in the financial year 1994?
8. How much did the US export to Japan in 1993?
2. (, ) :
F or years, Vietnam had a classical Marxist economic system characterised by central planning and control. Then,...(1)... 1986, the policy of opening up the country to market forces and foreign investment was introduced. Ten years later, the effects can be...(2)... everywhere. Take the city of Hanoi,...(3)... example. Five years...(4)... you could wander around on foot without...(5)... about traffic. The city itself was peaceful and elegant, with lovely tree-lined avenues and...(6)... buildings of great architectural interest. The scene today is very different. Traffic...(7)... become a serious problem: Vietnam has 330,000 cars and over four million motorbikes, four times the number there...(8)... in 1990. Small hotels and office buildings are springing up all...(9)... the city, and commercial rents in Hanoi are now as high as in Paris and 70% higher...(10)... in Sydney.
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6. What time is... next train to London?
7. Everest is... highest mountain in... world.
8. Who was... first President of... United States?
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10. Julia is... doctor. Her husband is... teacher.
11. My apartment is on... second floor. Turn left at... top of... stairs, and it's...right.
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13.1'd like to have... hamburger for... breakfast.
14. Pushkin is... outstanding Russian poet.
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17.At... night I had... terrible headache after I had drunk... lot of coffee in evening.
18.By... way, have you heard anything from him lately?
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20.Could you tell me... time, please? - It's... quarter past 4.
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24.... Earth goes round... sun.
25.lt took me half... hour to get there.
26.My favourite subject at... school is... history.
