. (17871854) , I, (.. , ), U :
I=U/R, (14.6)
R - . (14.6) ( ).
: - - .
(): 1 , 1 1 .
.
- (): 1 - 1 .
, , . - R l S:
, (14.7)
r - , . ∙ (∙). (1,6∙10-8 ∙) (1,7∙10-8 ∙). . , , (2,6∙10-8 ∙), .
. - . (14.7) (14.6),
, (14.8)
, -,
. (/). , U/l=E , I/S=j , (14.8)
. (14.9)
, j . (14.9)
. (14.10)
(14.10) . - . - .
, U. d t - d q=I d t. d q ,
. (14.11)
R, , (14.6),
. (14.12)
(14.11) (14.12) ,
|
|
. (14.13)
, - , , , . - : ∙ (∙) ∙ (∙).
1 ∙ - 1 1 ; 1 ∙ =3600 ∙=3,6∙103 ; 1 ∙ =103 ∙=3,6∙106 .
-
- , , - Q, , ..
d Q= d A. (14.14)
, (14.14), (14.11) (14.12),
. (14.15)
(14.15) . . . X. ( X (18041865) , (1818-1889) ).
- : , , , I, R t:
.
d V= d S d l ( - ), - . - , d t
.
, , .
. (14.16)
(j=gE) r=1/g,
. (14.17)
(14.16) (14.17) , - .
, 1873 . .. (18471923) . , ( .. (17611834)), , . .