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1. . 4

2. . 10

1.1. SWOT-a. 10

1.2. . 10

1.3. . 12

1.4. . 12

3. . 14

2.1. . 14

2.2. . 14

2.3. . 16

3. . 17

3.1. . 17

3.2. . 17

3.3. . 21

4. . 21

5. . 23

6 . 24

7. . 25

4. . 27

4.1. . 28

4.2. . 29

4.3. . 29

4.4. . 31

4.5. . 33

4.6. . 34

4.7. "Electrolux". 36

4.8. . 39

5. . 39

5.1. . 40

5.2. . 42

5.3. . 43

5.4. . 43

5.5. . 44

5.6. . 44

5.7. -2000. 46

5.8. . 47

5.9. . 49

5.10. . 51

5.11. . 52

5.12. . 53

6. . 57

7. : - naming link test 63

1.-. 63

2. Naming link test 65

1. 68

2. 70

4. . 75

5. . 75

6. (Premium Profit) 75

7. . 75

8. (Earnings basis) 76

9. . 76


1.

, , , . , , , , , , , , . , -, .

I - (FMCG), . , Fortis, , . - . I , , , . , , , , , . , , , , . FMCG- . Campbells, Quaker Oats Coca-Cola.

, . , . 1940- , , , . , , , , . , , , , .

, , (Walter Landor), . 1913 . , (Royal Society of Arts). , 1939 , -. , 1941 , Walter Landor & Associates - . , . Landor , , . , . . , . , . . 1950- Lippincott & Margulies ( Lippincott Mercer) -, .

1959 Landor . Landor . . , , , . , . , , .

Braun , , . (Dieter Rams) 1950-e . Braun . , AEG Olivetti. - corporate identity , , , , , , . 1950- , Deskey, Leowy & Snaith, George Nelson King Casey ( Merrill Lynch), (Herbert Matter) (Paul Rand). 1960- , , : Landor Associates Lippincott & Margulies. 60-, - 80-. Landor Associates . . , - ( - ) . 60- (Wally Olins), Wolff Olins corporate identity: , 60- . . . , , , . Wolff Olins . Parkway Camden Town. : , , . , . . , , , , . . : . Wolff Olins , , . corporate identity . .

- , Landor, Wolff Olins, Lippincott Mercer, , , (Lester Bill) (William Golden), corporate identity , , . , McKinsey , , - 1960- .

60- , , . . , . . , ?.. . ? . ? . [- ] . (Wolff Olins) , , . . Lyons, Hadfields, English Electric Computers BOC. Norton Villiers, Bovis, Bowyers, P&O 养 .

1964 Landor Klamath, , , . 1924 Klamath - , 1956 . Klamath $12 . 1964 1987 - Landor Klamath, , Landor, .

Klamath , , Landor. (Tom Wolf) . , Klamath , - (Marshall McLuhan), (George C Scott), (Andy Warhol), Grateful Dead . , . Klamath , .

1965 (Gordon Lippincott), Lippincott & Margulies , . (Walter Margulies), , , corporate identity. RCA, Chrysler . , ( ), .

1968 Landor Klamath Levis, , . , . Landor , , , , , . , Bank of America, Hewlett-Packard, Cotton, , -. , Landor, -. 60- Lippincott & Margulies, , corporate identity. (Tony Spaeth), , Lippincott & Margulies Anspach Grossman Portugal. , 1996 , Anspach Grossman Portugal - Enterprise IG.

70- . , (James Pilditch), (Terence Conran) (Rodney Fitch) (Michael Peters), . , , . -, , . - , .

1972 Fitch , : , . Fitch - . Fitch , , , , , --, . Fitch , , , , , . , Design Council (Royal College of Art) -. 1990 CBE (Crown of the British Empire) -, 2005 .

, Identica, . c (Josef Albers). Collett, Dickenson and Pearce, , 1970 , Michael Peters and Partners, . 1983 , . 1989 45 . : BBC, British Airways, The Conservative Party, Redland, ITV, United Distillers Unilever. 1986 , . 1990- OBE (the Order of the British Empire) .

70- - , : Cato Purnell Partners (1970 ), Pentagram (1972 ) , - 1974 Interbrand.

Interbrand , . , , Interbrand , . , , , , , . , .

- , , , Virgin. , , . , , Virgin, BMW, Apple The Body Shop, , , , -. . - . , 80- . , -, web- . , , . , , , . , 10 15 identity design, . : , , , , , .

, 80-90- - - . 1985 Anspach Grossman Portugal corporate identity consultants. Anspach Grossman Portugal Lippincott & Margulies marketing communications and design consultants. , , , , . . , Landor, Interbrand Enterprise IG - , -, , . - , , , , , identity , . - , : - , , , , , , .






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