(13), . , - . . . - . , . . "". , , ; . .
(13), -, . ; , . , 10 . . -. . .- " ".
(12-13), . -. , . , .
(12-13), . -. . . . "
(12-13), . - . . " " " "; . . " ".
Ē ( ) (11), . . . . . .
VII (11) () - , . , ; . . . , .
(13-14), . , . . . .: , , . . " "; . . " "," ", " ". . - " " 3 ("", "", "") 100 , . . .
(12-13) ( ) - - . . . . - , - . , . - .
(14-15) , , , . VI . , .
(13), , . . () - : - -.
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- (12) - , , . , ( ) : (), ; (), ; ( ), . . 13 . , , . . . .
- (6-7) , . , . 20 , , , , , , , , , .
(12), . . , ( , , ) .
IX, (11), - , , . IX ( ).
(14), . -, .-. , . , . " . ", , , , .
I (10), . , , , . , . , . , . , , (), . , , , . ( .. ), . . , , II , . .
III (10), , . , II . . , . . , . 999 V , , - II. , ; 1001 , - , . .
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II (10), -, III, . , , .
(12), - ( ), VI VII, , 1147-49, VII . . . - ., .
(13) , - ( ; "Ars nova" , ).
(13), , . ( , , . .). . 5 , , . . . . ( . ), , , - , . . , . , - . . . .: " ", " ". . . .
(12-13), . , , . . . (" ", " "), , . . , - . . , . " . ".
I (12), . , , . .-. , .
II (13), . , , 1197. - . -. .-. .
(13-14), . .-. , ; , . . . ("") . . . .
(9), , ; . . .-. ( . . " "). . . " ", . , " " (), " " (. ), " " ( ), " " ( ). . . . 13 . .
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(15), . , , - . . (" ", " ", " " ) - . . . - . (. - , ). . - .
(16) - . : , ; ; . , , . . , .
(14), . , . . , . . " ", , . . . " " - . . , . , , . , ,- . -. " ", . " "
(15-16), . . . . (. - -), (" "; ; . ). , , . .
(15-16) . , , , . . , : , . , , , , . , , . -. . . XVI . , .
(15) -, . ; , . , . , , , . "Faeetiae" 1450 ( , ).
(14-15), . , , . . 1 . . . . . , , .-. ( - ; ; , - ).
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( - ) (14-15), . . , . , . . " ", " ", " ".
(1405 1407-57), . . " ". , - . .
( 1435 1440-82), . . . . 1- . 15 . . (3 " ", . . " ", 1474-75) , .
(14-15) . , , , , . .
(15), , , , , 1456 5 , , .
(15-16), . , , , " ", , , . . . .
(13-14), . . . . .-. , . , . . - . , . .
(15), . . . . . . . -, . : . (" . ", " ", " "), . . ("" , ( . - ), . ( XXIII ).
Ē, (15), . . . . . . , 1429 . 1430 , , - . . . . , . 1920 . .
(16), . , . . . " ". 1541 . , 1 . . . : , , , , .
(14) . . , . , . . , . , . , , . . . , , , , . . , . . . 1347 . , .
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(15) , (1492).
(14) - . ., , .
IV (14), . , . . , . -.
(15-16) , 1517 95 , , . : " . " " ". , V, , ; . , , ; , , . , .; . , , , ; , , . . 5 : , , . , , .
(1/2 15) , , . . (, , , , , V), " ". , , " ", ; " ". , , , , " ", " ". " ". , , .
, .-. . . .- , 15 . ; 1434-1737 ( 1494-1512, 1527-30) . . : . (1389-1464), 1434; . (1449-92), 1469. . . (1519-89).
( ) (15), . , . , . . , . ( . . " 3 "). . (); . " ".
(16) , . , , , , , , . .
(15), , , , .-. . II, . . . (), ( "" ""). " " (" "); , , "", "". . , 1 (, . , ) .
(16) - , . VI . , . - . , . , . . " ". I . . , . : , , , . . . . " " " "
(14), . , . . . " " - , , , , - . , . , . .-. . : " " 2- . , " ". . (" , ", " "). . . .
(II) - , . . , . . ; . "Chrisis" , - , . . ( III . ). . ; . . -; , . . . . .
(1463-94), . , . . " 900 " . . ( - " "), - " " ( . . - ), .
(15), . , . . ., ., . .: . . " "
(15-16), . , . . . ; . - . . . 16-17 . . " " .
(15-16), . . . , ( " ").
(15), . , , , . ( . -). . . , .
(14) - . . , , , , .
() (14), . , , . . , , .
(15), . -, . . . . , , , , , , "", . 15-16 .
(14-15) , . -, , . , .
() (16), , . 20- . 16 . . ( . ) ; . , . . . .
(15-16), . . . . (" ") (" 4 ") . .
(13), . . . ("").
(14), . . . . . -. " " - -; . " ". " " - . , , . . " " . . . ; . . . . . -.
(14 15) ., . . . . . , . , , , ,
(15-16), ( " . "), , . . " " - , . -. , . . .
XVI-XVII
(16) . , 1 . .
(16) . , .
(16) , , . .
(15-16), . . . " ", " " . , , . . . . ; (""; " ").
(15-16) . , , . 16 . , , , . , . , , ( ) .
(16), . . , , . " " , - . , - . " " ., , , . . . . " . ..." , . . " " .
(15-16), . . .-. , , . , . , . : " . ", " " " ", , .
(15-16), . . . . . . . . . (" ", " ") , , . 90- . - . - (""). . " " , (" ").
(16), . , . . " " . 20 . 2 ; , - , , ; , . .
, (16), . . . 16 ., . -, . . . . , (" "; " "; " ", " "; " ).
(15681625) .
(16) , . . 1540 I . - , , , , ( , I, ). . () , . .
(16), . - . . . ., . , . . . . , . . . . .: " , ", " , ", " ". . " ", " ", . .
(16), . , . . . . . , , . . , , , , , .
(16), . . . . , , , . , ., ( - , " ").
, , (16), . ,
IV (, 16-17) , , , . ( ), , . IV , , . , , .
VIII (16), . . . VIII . . . .
(16) . . , , , , , , , , , , . , , .
( . reformatio - ), . . . 16 ., . . . 1517 . . . , - 3 . , . , 3 . . .: (, . , . ); , . (. , ); -, , , . . . . 1524-26 , . . -. . ( . - . ).
() (15-16), . . 17 . . ., . , . , , . . . . . , , .
, (16), . . - ' " " , , . , , ( ). . ( ) (. ), . . (), . ., , ( ).
(15-16), . . . , 1 - . , , . . , (" ", " ", " ").
(15-16), . . - . . - , . -. ( " "), . - (. . ). . (" ", " 4 "), ( " 3 "). , . . - (" 4 ").
(15-16) - , , . , , XII. . , . . , . , , - - . , .
(16), . , " ", , ; , . , . . 1570. 1572 "Os Lusiadas". . " "- . . , , ; . , . , . , . .: , , . ., , ; ..
() (16-17) - , . . . . , . " ", . . . , , , (" " ., " . " ., " " .). . . ( , , ), , (), , , . . . 17 . - .
., (15-16), , . " ". . ( - , ).
VII (15-16) . . , , . V . , . , Sacco di Roma, . - , V . VII .
(16), . , . . . . . -. - . . .
V (16), , . ( I), . " . ". ( ), . . - . , .
(15-16), . , . . , . . . ( . . ) . . " ", . 1616 1828.
., 1472, , , - 16.10.1553, ), . , , . ( 1500-04), - (1505-50), (1550-1552) (1552-53). 1509 . . : "" , , ; " ", , , . " " (1506, , ), " " . , . , . " " (1509), "", " ". . . ( , , 1521), . ( . . " ".
, 1485-2.12. 1547), , . , . 1504-19 - (-, ). 1519-21 , . . . 1522-28 - - (), 1529 - -. 1540 , .
, (1.11.1530, , - 18.8.1563, ), , . . . . 1571 . . . . " ", , . . .
, (. 1532-1594), , , . , 53 , , , , (Lieder), , ( - ; - ) . . , ; . , , .
(1452-1519), . , , , , . . . , , . . " " . , . . . (. . "", 1503). . , , . . , . , . ( , 7 . ).
(1491?-1556), . , . . .
(1483-1546), , - (1517) 95 , . . . . . , . . .
(1469-1527), . . , (" "), ( " "). . . , - . (" "). - . "" , .
(1497-1560), . , . . .
(1475-1564), . , , , . . , . , . . . , , . (" ", 1497-98; "", 1501-04; " ", 1504-06). (1508-12), "" (1515-16) . , . . , , . - (1520-34), " " , " " (1550-55) . . , . (- , 1523-34). 1546 - . , . . .
(1533-92), . -. . " " (1580-88), . , ; . , , , . .
(1478-1535), . , . ; 1 . . . . , ". " , . ; . . . " ", . . , . -, - ; - , .
( 3) (1525-94), . , . . . , , - ; , .
(1493-1541), , 1 . . . . . ., . .
,( ) (11.1.1503, ,-24.8. 1540, , ), . . . ( - , 1522; " ", 1524, - , ) , , .
, (1529, , - 1597, ), , . . . ( 1578) ( 1592). " " (1591) , , . "" - , . "" (1582) .
