|
2012
..
-
. ..
,
060101.65 , 010707.65
011200
| 53:61 (075.6) 22.3 73 42 | - .. |
-:
.. , .. , ..
:
, .. ;
- , ..
| 42 | : / .-.: .. , .. , .. ; - . , . . - . .. . : . .. , 2012. 122 . , . , ( ). 53:61 (075.6) 22.3 73 | |
| .., .., .., , 2012 Ó .. , 2012 | ||
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND SCIENCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FEDERAL STATE BUDGETARY EDUCATIONAL
INSTITUTION OF HIGHER PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
TAMBOV STATE UNIVERSITY
named after g.r. dERZHAVIN
MEDICAL
PHYSICS
Series of Lectures
Permitted by the Editorial-Publishing Board
of TSU named after G.R. Derzhavin as Course Book
for Students Studying the Disciplines
060101.65 Medical Business, 010707.65 Medical Physics
and Direction of Training 011200 Physics
| Recommended for Publishing By the Editorial-Publishing Board Of TSU named after G.R. Derzhavin |
Authors:
V.. Fedorov, .V. Yakovlev, S.V. Vasilieva
Reviewers:
Doctor of Medicine, Professor E.. Osmanov;
Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor .. Shibkov
| Medical Physics: Textbook / Authors: V.. Fedorov, .V. Yakovlev, S.V. Vasilieva; Ministry of Education and Science of RF, FSBEI HPE Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin. Tambov: the Publishing House of TSU named after G.R. Derzhavin, 2012. 122 pp. The textbook contains the short course on Medical Physics. It is intended for students studying the discipline Medical Business. The textbook will also be useful for students studying the discipline Physics, (profile Medical Physics). | ||
| Fedorov V.., Yakovlev .V., Vasilieva S.V., Drawing up, 2012 Ó FSBEI HPE Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, 2012 | ||
|
|
|
1. 11
. 17
1. . 17
) . 17
) . 18
) . 18
) . 19
2. . 19
) . 20
) . 20
) . 20
) . 20
2. 22
3. . 22
) . 22
) ( ). 22
) . 24
) . 24
4. . 24
.. 25
5. . 25
) . 25
)
. 26
) . 27
3. 29
6. . 29
) . 29
) . 29
) . 30
) . 30
7. . 31
8. . 32
9. .. 32
) .. 33
10. . 34
4. 35
. . 35
11. , . 35
) . 35
) . 35
12. -. 38
13. . 39
) . 39
) . 39
) . 39
) . 39
5. 40
14. . 40
) . 40
) . 41
) . 43
15. . 44
16. . 45
6. 47
17. . 47
) . 47
) -. 48
) . 48
) . 48
. 48
18. . 48
19. . 49
) . 50
) . 51
7. 53
20. . 53
) . 54
) . 55
) . 55
21. . 55
) . 56
22. . 57
23. . 59
8. 61
. 61
24. . 61
) . 61
) . 61
) . 62
9. 63
25. .
.. 63
26. , . 66
27. . 66
10. 68
.. 68
28. . 68
) . 68
) . 69
29. . 70
) . 70
) . 70
) . 70
) . 70
30. .. 70
31. . 72
. 72
. 72
) . 72
) . 72
11. 73
|
|
|
32. . 73
33. .. 74
) . 74
) . 74
) . 74
) . 75
34. . 75
) . 75
35. . 76
) . 76
) () . 76
. 76
36. . 76
) . . 77
) ( ) 77
) () . 77
37. . 78
) . 78
) () 78
38. . 79
) . 80
12. 81
. 81
39. . 81
) . 81
) . 83
) . 83
) . 83
) . 83
) . 83
40. . 83
13. 85
. 85
41. . 85
) . 85
) . 86
) . 86
) . 86
42. . 87
43.
. 88
) . 89
) . 89
) . 89
14. 90
44. . 90
45. . 93
15. 96
46.
. 96
) .. 96
) . 98
) . 98
47. . 99
16. 103
. 103
48. . 103
49. . 104
) . 104
) . 105
. 106
50. . 106
) . 106
) . 107
) . 108
17. 109
51. -. 109
52. . 110
) . 110
) . 111
53. . 112
) . 113
18. 115
54. . 115
) . 117
) . 121
CONTENTS
LECTURE 1. 17
Mechanical properties of tissue. 17
1. Ways of deformation. 17
) tension. 17
b) shear. 18
c) bend. 18
d) torsion. 19
2. Types of deformation. 19
) creep. 20
b) relaxation. 20
c) strength. 20
d) destruction. 20
LECTURE 2. 22
3. Mechanical properties of biological tissues. 22
) osseous tissue. 22
b) derma. 22
c) muscular tissue. 24
d) angienchyma. 24
4. Lames equation. 24
Mechanical vibrations and waves. 25
5. Mechanical vibrations. 25
) self-oscillation. 25
b) oscillatory motion of human body while walking. 26
c) vestibular apparatus. 27
LECTURE 3. 29
6. Mechanical vibrations of heart 29
) ballistocardiography. 29
b) apexcardiography. 29
c) kinetocardiography. 30
d) dynamocardiography. 30
7. Vibrations. 31
8. Mechanotherapy. 32
9. Mechanical waves. 32
) energy characteristics of a wave. 33
10. Doppler effect 34
LECTURE 4. 35
Acoustics. Physics of hearing. 35
11. Acoustics, sound. 35
) acoustics. 35
b) characteristics of sound. 35
12. Psychophysical law (Weber-Fechner law) 38
13. Sound methods of research. 39
) auscultation. 39
b) phonocardiography. 39
c) percussion. 39
d) audiometry. 39
LECTURE 5. 40
14. Physics of hearing. 40
) outer ear 40
b) middle ear 41
c) inner ear 43
15. Binaural effect 44
16. Tympanometry. 45
LECTURE 6. 47
17. Ultrasound. 47
) biophysical effect of ultrasound. 47
b) Ultrasonic-therapy. 48
c) phonophoresis. 48
|
|
|
d) autohemotherapy. 48
Circulatory dynamics. 48
18. Liquid viscosity. 48
19. Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids. 49
) laminar flow. 50
b) turbulent flow.. 51
LECTURE 7. 53
20. Poiseuille formula. 53
) liquid resistance. 54
b) rhinomanometry. 55
c) photohemotherapy. 55
21. Physical basis of haemodynamics. 55
) pulse-wave. 56
22. Blood pressure measuring. 57
23. Heart as a pump. 59
LECTURE 8. 61
Electrography. 61
24. Physical basis of electrography. 61
) dipole in equiangular triangle. 61
b) current dipole. 61
c) types of electrography. 62
LECTURE 9. 63
25. Einthoven theory.
Analysis of electrocardiograms. 63
26. Factors influencing on ECG.. 66
27. Assumptions of Einthoven theory. 66
LECTURE 10. 68
Electromagnetic waves and oscillations. 68
28. Electromagnetic oscillations. 68
) alternating electric current 68
b) electropulse. 69
29. Impulse electrotherapy. 70
) electrosleep therapy. 70
b) transcranial electric analgesia. 70
c) electrostimulation. 70
d) electropuncture. 70
30. Electromagnetic waves. 70
31. Physical prossesses in tissues. 72
under impact of current 72
and electromagnetic fields 72
) galvanisation. 72
b) electrophoresis. 72
LECTURE 11. 73
32. Impact of pulse currents. 73
33. Impact of high-frequency current 74
) diathermy. 74
b) punctual darsonvalization. 74
c) diathermocoagulation. 74
d) electrotomy. 75
34. Effect of alterning magnetic field. 75
) High-frequency therapy. 75
35. Effect of superhigh frequences (SHF) 76
) decimeter-wave therapy. 76
b) microwave (centimeter) therapy. 76
Magnet and electric fields. 76
36. Effect of magnet field. 76
) constant magnetic field. Magnetotherapy. 77
b) pulsed magnet field (pulsing magnetotherapy) 77
c) high-frequency (HF) magnitotherapy. 77
37. Effect of constant electric field. 78
) franklinism.. 78
b) lamp of Chizhevsky (aeroionizer) 78
38. Impedance of body tissues. 79
) rheography. 80
LECTURE 12. 81
Physics of vision. 81
39. Physical basis of vision. 81
) structure of an eye. 81
b) accomodation. 83
c) adaptation. 83
d) visual angle. 83
e) resolution limit 83
f) acuity of vision. 83
40. Defects of optical system of an eye. 83
LECTURE 13. 85
Effect of different kinds of radiation. 85
41. Infrared rays. 85
) sun. 85
b) thermography. 86
c) effect of low temperature. 86
d) heliotherapy. 86
42. X-ray radiation. 87
43. Use of X-ray radiation in medicine. 88
) roentgenoscopy. 89
b) roentgenography. 89
c) fluorography. 89
LECTURE 14. 90
44. X-ray computed tomography. 90
45. Radioactivity. 93
LECTURE 15. 96
46. Biophysical effect of ionizing radiation. 96
) radiopharmaceuticals. 96
b) radiodiagnosis. 98
c) radiotherapeutic methods. 98
47. Dosimetry. 99
LECTURE 16. 103
Physical fields of human. 103
48. Proper physical fields of human body. 103
49. Acoustic fields of human. 104
) cochlear acoustic emission. 104
b) acoustic radiation of ultrasonic range. 105
Processes in membranes. 106
50. Physical processes in membranes. 106
) functions of membranes. 106
b) models of membranes. 107
c) physical characteristics of membranes. 108
LECTURE 17. 109
51. Nernst-Planck equation. 109
52. Types of transport across membrane. 110
) passive transport 110
b) active transport 111
53. Bioelectric potentials. 112
) resting potential 113
LECTURE 18. 115
54. Action potential. 115
) propagation of the action potential 117
|
|
|
b) nodes of Ranvier. 121
| 1 |
