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Internet- , . 1969 Arpanet. 1971-1972.

- CompuServe

Internet:

NSFNet

UUCPNet e-mail

EUNet Internet

USEnet e-mail

Internet-hosts, . .

Internet TCP/IP - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.

- (, - , Belsonet, Solo, Unibel, ..)

3 Internet:

1. ( ). Internet .

2. . , - .

3. - Direc P -.

IP- ( ), . , IP-, (DNS). - , Internet:

- ".ru"

- ".gav"

- ".mil"

, - ".net"

- ".info"

- ".pro"

-."com"

- - ".biz"

- ".aero"

- ".coop"

- - ".name"

- ".museum"

:

1. HTML (HyperText Markup Lan-guage);

2. URL (Universal Resource Locator);

3. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol);

4. CGI (Common Gateway Interface).

19. internet (intranet) Intranet - , . - web-, ; , , , . - (intranet) , (extranet).

Internet : .

1. :

1.1) Telnet - , Internet , , ..

1.2) FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - , . , .

1.3) NFS (Network File System) - , , .

1.4)

1.5)

1.6) Rsh (Remote Shell) - , Telnet, , UNIX.

1.7) Whois - Internet, , .

2. . :

2.1) Gopher - Internet, .

2.2) WAIS - , Gopher, . WAIS .

2.3) WWW - . . WWW WAIS, WWW , Gopher.

2.4) ICQ, CHAT, - - ICQ, - . - , , - www.hottelephone.com, www.dialpad.com.

2.5) Push -

WWW:

1.Alta Vista: 1994, Digital, 16 , 30

2. Excite: 1993, 50 , 60 000 Web-

3. Infoseek: 1994, 50

4. Lycos: ,

5. WebCrawler: 1994 , 3

6. Yahoo!:

Web- WatchList - What's Cool, What's Hot, Top 5%, Best of the Web, Hot Picks .. : DirectNit, Google, CLEVER, Yep.com.

BBS (Bulletin Board System).

20. WWW

, , , WWW (World Wide Web), . , , - WWW , .

World Wide Web:

HTML (HyperText Markup Lan-guage);

URL (Universal Resource Locator);

HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol);

CGI (Common Gateway Interface).

WWW - . . WWW WAIS, WWW , Gopher.

WWW:

1.Alta Vista: 1994, Digital, 16 , 30

2. Excite: 1993, 50 , 60 000 Web-

3. Infoseek: 1994, 50

4. Lycos: ,

5. WebCrawler: 1994 , 3

6. Yahoo!:

Web- WatchList - What's Cool, What's Hot, Top 5%, Best of the Web, Hot Picks .. : DirectNit, Google, CLEVER, Yep.com.

BBS (Bulletin Board System).

 

21. ,

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2. - - , , , ;

3. - , Internet Intranet ;

4. , Barracuda;

5. Back-UPS Pro AR ., Powercom KIN525A ...

6. (firewalls) - , , , , ;

7. - Smart cart- (, SecurlD, ChipCard);

8. , ;

9. ( CD, CD-R, , (DLT), (TRAWAN);

10. Proxy- , .

:

1. (Taken Pro, Doctor Web, AVP)

2. - ;

3. , , SATAN (Security Administrators Tool for Analyzing Network) - , ;

4. : Real Secure ( ISS), CMDS (Computer Misuse Detection System, SAIC);

5. ( " ") - , , : ( 34.10-94), (5), .

6. 28147-89 (), S (), G (), , , .

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ITSEC 90- , .

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:

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2. - European Union Information Technology Security Evaluation Criteria.

( , - ), ( , (), . , ) .

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- , .

 

27.

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:

1. ( , , )

2. ( )

3. ( , )

4. ( ).

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1. ( );

2. ;

3. (, BS7799/ISO17799);

4. ;

5. ;

6. ;

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28. ,

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.

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, 30 ;

- - , , ,..

- (Excel, Access, Lotus).

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( - SQL-);

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- , .

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1.

2.

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4. , $

5. , ,

6.

7.

8. .

 

30.

, , .

:

1. EIS (Executive Information System) ,

2. DSS (Decision Support System)

:

, , , ;

, , .

.

:

1.

2. ,

3. ,

4. .

:

,

- ,

 

31.

, , .

:

1. () ,

2. ()

3. , .

4. ()

5. ()

6. () ,

7. - .

:

, Access, MS SQL, Dbase,

, Oracle, Delphi, Visual Basic, Unix,

, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, .

:

1. - , , , , ;

2. , , , ;

3. - ( ), (.. ), , - . 32. -

- , , (total quality management, TQM). . . , " - , , , ".

:

;

( );

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.

I. 1990-1993 .: -. - .

II. 1994-1996 .: , - -.

III. 1996-2000 .: - -.

IV. 2000 . : - . - , -, - .

, :

1)

2) -

3) - -

4) -

:

1. -:

2. - :

SA/SD / -, .

IDEF -; .

3. , .

4. Oracle Design, Oracle Developer .

5. (Gensym)

 

33.




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