1. Capacitors are used in electronic circuits as (energy-storage devices/energy-efficient devices). 2. Some of the ICs have billion of (electromagnetic fields/transistors) in a very small area. 3. (Active/passive) electrical component that can store energy in the electric field between a pair of conductors is called "plates". 4. A coil of wire wound on a ferrite (wand/rod). 5. A transformer (transfers/saves) electrical energy between two circuits. 6. It usually consists of two wire coils wrapped around a (heart/core). 7. (Vacuum tubes/ICs) may be used for rectification, amplification, switching, or similar processing or creation of electrical signals.
7. Find Modal Verbs in the text and explain their use. Match the modals can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, ought to, will, would with their uses below.
| Modal Verb | Uses |
| Necessity / Obligation • Prohibition | |
| Ability / Possibility • Inability / Impossibility • Asking for permission • Request | |
| Asking for permission • Future possibility | |
| Asking for permission • Request • Making arrangements • Invitation • Preferences | |
| Present possibility • Future possibility | |
| Saying what’s right or correct | |
| Asking for permission • Request • Suggestion • Future possibility • Ability in the past | |
| Offer • Suggestion • Asking what to do | |
| Saying what’s right or correct • Recommending action • Uncertain prediction • | |
| Instant decisions • Offer • Promise • Certain prediction |
8. Fill the gaps in the sentences with must(n't), needn't or should(n't).
1. We've run out of capacitors. I ……. order some more tomorrow morning. 2. You ……. finish that report tonight if you're too tired. Midday tomorrow is the deadline. 3. What are you doing outside? ……. you be at the reception? 4. He really ……. have conducted such a dangerous experiment without wearing safety mask and gloves. 5. You ……. charge the laptop because we haven't been using it today, could you bring it tomorrow, please? 6. You ……. make so much noise in the library. We'll be asked to leave otherwise.
Choose the proper modal equivalents to the words in brackets.
1. She (вона повинна буде) to give a reason and possible justification for the restriction. 2. We (нам доведеться) to analyze the number of errors. 3. He (йому слід) specify the conditions of the experiment. 4. They (їм дозволяють) to use a dictionary if necessary. 5. І (я в змозі) to solve this difficult problem myself. 6. You (ви повинні) to exercise all your ingenuity and fulfill the task. 7. They (їм потрібно) to check all the calculations again. 8. We (не слід) to satisfy the requirements for the solution. 9. She (їй не потрібно) to refer to her failure with the task now. 10. The students (повинні) perform their reports in a proper way.
Read the tips about keeping your workplace safe. Rewrite sentences using Modal Verbs.
Workplace Safety Tips
· You are required to take safety measures both at home, public places or in the office.
· Keep your working area neat and clean. Piles of papers and stacks of files combined with a tangle of wires are a disaster waiting to happen. Similarly, keep away and at safe places all sharp objects like scissors, blades, paper cutter, stapler pins, etc. A clean work space will also enable you to identify a problem and tackle it faster and more effectively.
· Make sure that your computer and keyboard are kept at proper position to avoid eye and wrist problems respectively.
· Ensure that all the workstations, machines, etc. are installed properly. While installing such electric equipment and appliances, ensure that the wiring and switchboards are earthed properly so as to prevent electric shocks.
· Make sure that water and electricity are not very close to each other. Also keep electric plugs away from places where water or coffee spills are most likely to occur.
Fixing internal problems of your PC
· Remember to turn the power off before servicing anything.
· Do not even open the computer case unless the power is turned off.
· It is wise to unplug the computer from the wall or power strip.
· An easy way to get electrocuted is to work around a high voltage device with metal rings, watches, or bracelets on. Remove anything conductive from your hands before working inside your computer, especially if you're doing something like testing your power supply.
· Avoid capacitors. Capacitors store electric charge for a short while after the power is turned off so it's a wise decision to wait a few minutes after pulling the plug before working on your PC.
