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public:
< , , >
private:
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protected:
< , , >
};
class. , , , , . : public, private, protected. .
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| bool | 0 / 255 | |
| () | ||
| char | 0 / 255 | |
| int | -2 147 483 648 / 2 147 483 647 | |
| float | -2 147 483 648.0 / 2 147 483 647.0 | |
| double | -9 223 372 036 854 775 808.0 / 9 223 372 036 854 775 807.0 |
bool
bool. true false. true - (.. 1), false - ( 0).
char
char - , . , [0;255]. char , ++ char. C++ char , 8 , 8 256 , . , char 256 . ASCII.
ASCII ( . American Standard Code for Information Interchange) .
.
:
short - , , ;
long - , , .
, , , int. short, long, int, () .
++ : float double. . float double , . float , double, . float long, double. , , , .
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string
, () . ( ) .
, string:
#include <string>
.
, . , Edit-. , :
int x;
x = Edit1->Text;
Cannot convert 'UnicodeString' to 'int'. . , , .
< >To< >
:
int x;
x = StrToInt(Edit1->Text);
, , - , Edit-e. , .
.
C/C++ ( ). .
printf() . , , ...
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printf(, !);
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printf() . , , . . % .
:
| % | |
| %d | |
| %f | xx.xxxx |
| %o | |
| %s | |
| %u | |
| %x | |
| %X | |
| %% | % |
| %p | |
| %n |
, x=10.3563 float 3- , :
printf(" x = %.3f",x);
:
x = 10.356
:
| \f | , |
| \n | , |
| \" | |
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| \0 | , |
| \N | |
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\n. .
scanf():
scanf() - . (). , , , .
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| %c | |
| %d | |
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| %e | float ( ) |
| %o | |
| %s | |
| %x | |
| %p |
|
|
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:
/* 1 */
#include <stdio.h>
void main(void)
{
int age;
printf("\n ?:");
scanf("%d",&age);
printf(" %d .", age);
}
:
- , . . . ( C++).
. . .
. , , employee:
class employee
{
public:
employee(char *, char *, float);
void show_employee(void);
private:
char name[64];
char position[64];
float salary;
};
, manager, employee:
float annual_bonus;
char company_car[64];
int stock_options;
: -, manager, employee, manager employee. manager employee, .
class, manager, employee, :
//-----> class manager: public employee { <-------//
//
};
public, employee, , (public) employee manager. , manager.
class manager: public employee
{
public:
manager(char *, char *, char *, float, float, int);
void show_manager(void);
private:
float annual_bonus;
char company_car[64];
int stock_options;
};
:
.
, .
( ), .
class, , , class dalmatian: dog.
́ ́ , - , ( -). ( ) (. single inheritance), .
, , computer_screen:
class computer_screen
{
public:
computer_screen(char *, long, int, int);
void show_screen(void);
private:
char type[32];
long colors;
int x_resolution;
int y_resolution;
};
|
|
|
, mother_board:
class mother_board
{
public:
mother_board(int, int, int);
void show_mother_board(void);
private:
int processor;
int speed;
int RAM;
};
, computer, :
class computer: public computer_screen, public mother_board
{
public:
computer(char *, int, float, char *, long, int, int, int, int, int);
void show_computer(void);
private:
char name[64];
int hard_disk;
float floppy;
};
, , computer.
class computer: public computer_screen, public mother_board //>
C++
, , , .
, . , , . C++ , if.
:
: Label1 , Edit1 , Button1 .
if else. :
if ( 1 ) {
1; }
else {
2; }
:
int x = 10; // ,
int y = StrToInt(Edit1->Text);
// Edit1, StrToInt()
if (y>=x) {
Label1->Caption=" , 10";}
else {
Label1->Caption=" ";}
Label 1:
switch-case. :
switch (<>) {
case 1:
<> == 1
break;
case 2:
<> == 2
break;
...
default:
,
break;
}
:
int x = 10;
int y = StrToInt(Edit1->Text);
switch (y) {
case 1:
Label1->Caption=" 1";
break;
case 2:
Label1->Caption=" 2";
break;
............
case 10:
Label1->Caption=" 10";
break;
default:
Label1->Caption=" 10"; }
case break, , . .. case break , :
5
6
7
8
9
10
10
, .
for C++
. , - . , , .
++ :
- for
- while
- do while
for .
, (. . true).
| // for: for (/*1*/; /*2*/; /*3*/) { /* */; } 1 , 2 , 3 , . |
, Memo1 . Memo1->Lines->Add( 1 10), 10 , 1 100, , . .
for (int i = 1; i = 100; i++) {
Memo1->Lines->Add(i);
}
1 100.
Int i = 1 .
i = 100 , .. i 100, .
|
|
|
i++ - , i .
