.
, . IM : (IM-IDS) (IM-IDF). IDS (Slow-) IDF (Fast-).
, 0. .
. 7.6 -IM.
Indent |
Clock |
Data |
H |
L |
H |
L |
H |
L |
. 7.6. I-
(M3L), IM, - , (DATA), (CLOCK) (ENABLE). . 7.7. . , .
Indent |
Clock |
Data |
H |
L |
H |
L |
H |
L |
. 7.7.
(M3L)
I2C (Inter Integrated Circuit) . , : (SDA - Serial Data) (SCL - Serial Clock). , . , .. 5 . . 7.8 I2.
0 . ( ) 8 ().
SCL Clock |
SDA Data |
H |
L |
H |
L |
. 7.8. I2
( ) . ( 0, 1). , SDA SCL 1.
I2 , ..
|
|
5 SDA SCL . , , .
. 7.9. I2.
5
SDA
SCL
, I2C
. 7.9.
I2
. , . , , . , .
, , . ( ) .
, , . . , ( , , PIP...).
. , . , .
, 1:10, . , . , .
, . .
, , , . . :
|
|
MSB (Most Significant Bit) . , . ( ), .
LSB (Least Significant Bit) . . LSB , , 8-, 4-.
, , :
CS (Chip Select) () . ;
- (Output Enable) ;
WE (Write Enable) .
. , () , - , PAL . -.
(. 7.10) , . (), I Q.
I2C |
I O |
() |
I O |
204- |
(188- ) |
. 7.10.
. .
, COFDM . I2. .
. 204- (- ). . . , - . , . , , .
, 188- , . , , , -.
(.7.11) 8- , -, , , 188- .
|
|
IRQ
(25 )
(8 188 - )
(8 )
(13 )
(8 )
(8 )
( )
( )
(7 )
. 7.11.
, , -, . (), 8- DATAOUT, , 8- DATAIN. , , .
, , , . - MPEG-2 8 .
, MPEG-2. , , .
- ( 20...25 ). (13 ) (8 ) . , : / R/W, ASK CS, IRQ. , , , . 25 , 23 .
MPEG-2 (. 7.12) . , Y CR . , . . .
, , PAL 8- ( CVBS). PAL (625 25 ). HSYNC, . ODDE EVEN . CVBS .
, PAL 23 . PAL 8- 6- , / R/W CS. MPEG-2 IRQ. PAL l2C, .
|
|
MPEG-2 (. 7.13) , - , ( ) . 32; 44,1 48 .
MPEG-2
IRQ
(5,5 )
(9 )
(64 )
EVEN
(8 )
(6 )
PAL
ODDE
HSYNC
CVBS
Y, CH, CB
(8 )
(27 )
I2C
. 7.12. MPEG-2
MPEG-2
IRQ
(25 )
(8 )
(10 )
CVBS
. 7.13. MPEG-2
, , , .
, . 3- , 8- R/W CS.
IRQ .
(. 7.14) .
- 2
CVBS
I2C
. 7.14.
:
, I2C;
;
;
;
.
0...24 , . .
-. . , , .
, - , I2. , .
(. 7.15), - . .
PANASONIC, .
.
:
PAL B/G, D/K, I, H; PAL-60; SECAM B/G, D/K, L7L'; NTSC M; NTSC ( AV).
|
|
:
VHF E2-E12; VHF , , 1, 2; VHF R1-R12; UHF E21-E69; CATV S01-S05; CATV S1-S10 (1-10); CATVS11-S20(U1-U10);CATVS21-S41 (HYPERBAND).
:
- : 38,9; 38; 34 ;
- : 32,9; 33,4; 31,5; 33,16; 34,47; 34,5 ;
- : 34,65; 34,47; 34,5; 33,6; 33,75 ;
:
- : RCA´2 500 , 1 ;
- AV1 : 500 , 1 ;
- SCART1 1 (), 75 RGB;
- : 500 , 1 , 1 (), 75 ;
-AV2 : 500 ,
- SCART2 1 (), 75
- S- Y: 1 (), 75 : 0,3 (), 75
- : 500 , 1 , 1 (), 10
- AV3 : S- Y: 1 (), 75 ; : 0,3 (),
75 ; RCA´2 500 , 1 ; RCA´1 1 , 75
5.5 |
5.74 |
CVBS |
- |
- |
RGB |
220 |
. 7.15. ,
- ,
: 220...240 , 50
: 159 (29"), 149 (25")
:
110 A68ESF002X43 (68 - 29")
110 A59ESF002X43 (59 - 25")
:
2´20 ( ) 8 .
: ( ) ( ), ( F), ( Y), ( D ), ( ), ( - PIP) ( G), ( ), ( ), ( ) ( D).
. 7.16 , EURO-3.
IC 1101
EPROM
IC1105
EAROM
IC601
TDA9151
IC401
TDA9151
IC1552
SDA9257
- F
- E
IIC Bus1
X1101
21 Pin
AV2
IIC Bus4
Mega-Text
IC3501
- F
IC2001
MSP3410
IC603
TDA4780
- E
IC1601
DFU
IC1602
SDA9280
IC1701
V-Processor
IIC Bus2
- F
A.V
Switching
- H
. 7.16.
, EURO-3
8. | DVB-S |
8.1.
8.2. DVB-S
8.3. DVB-S2
8.1.
(SAT) , .
() () ~36000 . , , .. , . .
SAT , . KU- 11,712,5 . ( ), . × (dBW) 4560 dBW. 10,711,7 12,512,75 3852 dBW.
, SAT , / (C/N) , , . ( ), (, QPSK 16 QAM). SAT , , , 2,54 dB. 2 .
DVB-S
1994. DVB Project - DVB-S, 11/12 (European Standard EN 300 421 v.1.1.2, 1997-08). SAT 12, 29, 40 85 . 40 85 2 .
1996. SAT 11/12 , 1999. , , : DVB-S ( ), DSS ( ), G1-MPEG-2 ( ) ISDB-S ( D).
( DVB-S) DVB Project SAT (10,712,75 ) -, , SAT SMATV (Satellite Master Antenna ), () . SAT DVB-S.
SAT :
N N ;
N .
, , , , , .
( 1 /, 20-25 SAT 27 ). 400 /, 60 .
DVB-S . 8.1.
. 8.1.
:
;
- (RS);
;
.
SAT , , . QPSK RS , (.. ). , , , / (C/N) / (C/I). , 10-1010-11 MPEG-2 -.
BW/Rs, BW 3 dB, Rs . , QPSK, R RS- 188/204, :
RU = R(2Rs)(188/204) = 1,843 R Rs.
Rs 5 , RU CU=RU/BW.
R, Rs, RU CU BW/Rs = 1,28 QPSK . 8.1.
8.1
BW, | Rs, / | R = 1/2 | R = 2/3 | R = 3/4 | R = 5/6 | R = 7/8 | |||||
RU, / | U, /() | RU, / | U, /() | RU, / | U, /() | RU, / | U, /() | RU, / | U, /() | ||
42,2 | 38,9 | 0,72 | 51,8 | 0,96 | 58,3 | 1,08 | 64,8 | 1,2 | 1,26 | ||
35,9 | 33,1 | 0,72 | 44,2 | 0,96 | 49,7 | 1,08 | 55,2 | 1,2 | 1,26 | ||
31,2 | 28,8 | 0,72 | 38,4 | 0,96 | 43,2 | 1,08 | 1,2 | 50,4 | 1,26 | ||
28,1 | 25,9 | 0,72 | 34,6 | 0,96 | 38,9 | 1,08 | 43,2 | 1,2 | 45,4 | 1,26 | |
25,8 | 23,8 | 0,72 | 31,7 | 0,96 | 35,6 | 1,08 | 39,6 | 1,2 | 41,6 | 1,26 | |
23,4 | 21,6 | 0,72 | 28,8 | 0,96 | 32,4 | 1,08 | 1,2 | 37,8 | 1,26 | ||
21,1 | 19,4 | 0,72 | 25,9 | 0,96 | 29,2 | 1,08 | 32,4 | 1,2 | 1,26 | ||
20,3 | 18,7 | 0,72 | 0,96 | 28,1 | 1,08 | 31,2 | 1,2 | 32,8 | 1,26 |
DVB-S .8.2. , DVB-S QPSK ( -4), 8 PSK (-8) 16 QAM (-16).
QPSK /N0 ( , . .8.3), /N0 (. .8.2).
. 8.2. DVB-S
.8.3.
8.2
, / | , dB | /N0 (2×10-4) | ||
QPSK | 1/2 | 0,92 | 0,8 | 4,5 |
2/3 | 1,23 | 0,8 | ||
3/4 | 1,38 | 0,8 | 5,5 | |
5/6 | 1,53 | 0,8 | ||
7/8 | 1,61 | 0,8 | 6,4 | |
8PSK | 2/3 | 1,84 | 6,9 | |
5/6 | 2,3 | 1,4 | 8,9 | |
8/9 | 2,46 | 1,5 | 9,4 | |
16QAM | 3/4 | 2,76 | 1,5 | |
7/8 | 3,22 | 2,1 | 10,7 |
DVB-S2
2004. SAT , DVB-S2, DVB-DSNG, DVB-S. , , 8 PSK 16 QAM.
DVB-S2 DVB-S ( QPSK), DVB-DSNG ( SAT ). .
DVB-S2 HDTV. SDTV. SAT , . , HDTV , (.. DVB-S2).
DVB-S2 K a-. , , . , - KU-.
DVB-S2 SAT . , . .
, DVB-S2 :
, .. ;
, .
, DVB-S2 .
, , .
, , VCM (Variable Coding and Modulation) (Adaptive Coding and Modulation). , , - . , .
(DVB-S2), , , , , , , . DVB-S2 , .
, DVB-S2, . , , . , , , , DVB-S.
DVB-S2 , , , .
DVB-S2 (. 8.4).
, QPSK 8 PSK, . , , . , 16 APSK 32 APSK, , , , (LN), .
.8.4.
.
8 (8192 ) 2 (2048 ). DVB-S QPSK, 16 QAM 64 QAM, , .
, . DVB-S , .
DVB-S2, , (Forward Error Correction - FEC). , DVB-S. - -- (BCH), , , - (Low Density Parity Check Codes LDPC).
, . 12 , 8 10 .
DVB-S DVB-DSNG MPEG-2 TS. . MPEG-2, .
DVB-S2 , /.
, . , , .
DVB-S, DVB-S2 20-35% 2-2,5 dB.
.8.5 , , DVB-S DVB-DSNG.
, , , . 4-8 dB, , . α-, .
.8.6 .
.8.5.
. 8.6. -
, DVB-S2 , , , .
. / . C/N + I.
.
DVB-S2 . , . , , , .
9. | DVB- |
9.1. DVB-
9.2.
9.3. DVB-C
9.4. DVB-C
9.5. DVB-C
9.6.
DVB-C
DVB Project 1984. DVB-C (C Cable , .. ).
DVB ( DVB-C) MPEG-2 (.9.1). .
High-1440 (1440×1152 ) ( ) 4:3 ( ), High (1920×1152 ) - (HDTV) 16:9 ( ). (.. MPEG-2) . , .. , , , , , .
, (Main), , 15 /. 216 /, 601 , , 15 .
9.1. MPEG-2 ( DVB-C)
(Simple) | (Main) | S/N (SNR Scalable) | (Spatially Scalable) | (High) | |
High 1920×1152 | - | 80 / | - | - | 100 / |
High-1440 1440×1152 | - | 60 / | - | 60 / | 80 / |
Main 720×576 | 15 / | 15 / | / | - | 20 / |
Low 352×280 | - | 4 / | 4 / | - | - |
4:2:0 | 4:2:0 | 4:2:0 | 4:2:0 | 4:2:0 4:2:2 | |
- | Tcnm | ||||
S/N | S/N | S/N |
Main Profile@Main Level (MP@ML) DVB ( DVB-C).
, HDTV, 60 80 /. , . . . .
MPEG-2 , . , (4:2:0), (4:2:2). (4:2:2, .5.1 ), , .