, . :1-1, 2-1, 2-3, 2-N, 1-3, 1-N. , 1-1, 2-3 1-3 . : 1-1, 2-3, 1-3, 2-1, 2-N, 1-N.
TCP/IP. .
TCP/IP ISO/OSI, , , TCP/IP OSI .
TCP/IP 4 .
( IV) OSI. TCP/IP , : Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, Fast Ethernet, 100VG-AnyLAN, - "-" SLIP PPP, X.25, frame relay. , ATM . TCP/IP RFC, IP .
III - , , , . .
( OSI) IP, , , , . IP , . IP , , .
, , RIP (Routing Internet Protocol) OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol). - . ICMP , , , , ..
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II - . TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) UDP (User Datagram Protocol).
TCP . UDP , IP, .
UDP- User Datagram Protocol OSI, TCP/IP. . . . UDP , DNS , DHCP.
I - . TCP/IP . , FTP, telnet, SMTP, Internet, , WWW .
DHCP - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol , IP . -: DHCP- ip-. ( -, )DHCP .
FTP File Transfer Protocol - . . . , .
HTTP Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - . / Web- -. . HTTP TCP .
FTP (File Transfer Protocol) . . , , FTP - TCP. FTP . , , , . , FTP . , , . FTP- Internet , Anonymous.
TCP/IP FTP , . , FTP, , - TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol). , , TCP, - UDP.
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telnet , . . telnet , , . telnet , , , Kerberos.
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) . SNMP Internet, . SNMP - , , .. .. SNMP . , MIB (Management Information Base), , , .