3
(): ..
II -207
________________ ..
_______________________2016 .
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______________________2016 .
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______________________2016 .
______________ ..
2016
: () .
: , , .
: , . , 10-6 . r 10-610-14 . , r 10-14 , . III-VI .. (B, Ge, Si, As, Te ..), (GaAs, GaP, ZnS, SiC .). (, ) . , 77 , , Ge .
. , . . , , (. 1). , . , . , .
. 1. .
:
3 ; 3 ;
∆W . -
(
= 0 ).
, , () , ( ) , , . , , , .. . , .
|
|
, , , , ∆W.
. ( ≈ 300 ) . , , ∆W . ∆W 0,02 2 , 2 .
, . , R
R = A exp(∆W/ 2 kT), (1)
A , ; k = 1,38 10-23 / .
. (. . 1), . . . , . . , . R
R = R0 (1+ at), (2)
t ; R0 0 ;
a - ().
(2) R t , 1 = R0a. 1 :
a = 1/ R0 (3)
R0 R 0 t = 0 .
(. 1).
, ln R 1/ . , (1),
(4)
ln R 1/ 2 = ∆W/ 2 k,
|
|
∆W = 2 k 2 (5)
, ∆W .
. 2.
. 2. :
1- -
(0+15 );
2- ; 3 -
4, 5 -
; 6
-
; 7 -
; 8 ; 9 -
( W 2 , COM, VW); 10 ( , 5)
2 1 (0+15 ). . 4, 5 9 7. 3, 10 ( ).
1. . .
2. . .
3. . , 200 , 2 .
4. (R ) (R ) ( ) ( ). R R t (0 ) .
t, | R , | R , | , | -1, 10-3 -1 | ln R | |
t =19 | 83,2 | 2,27 | ||||
25 | 84,5 | 1,75 | ||||
30 | 85,7 | 1,49 | ||||
35 | 86,4 | 1,2 | ||||
40 | 88,1 | 0,981 | ||||
89,9 | 0,822 | |||||
50 | 91,4 | 0,692 | ||||
55 | 93,2 | 0,588 | ||||
94,4 | 0,497 | |||||
96,2 | 0,425 | |||||
70 | 97,7 | 0,368 | ||||
- 015 » 7-8 .
- , . 4 5 70 . .
- .
) (R)
1. R-t. 0 .
2. R 0 t = 0 , 1 d .
R 0 =
1 = R0a
R = R0 (1+ at) Þ =
1 =
P = 1 (½)N-1 =
3. (3) a .
a = 1/ R0
a =
4. , d R R 0 1%.
|
|
) (R)
1. : R-t, (ln R 1 /). , .
2. 2 d .
3. (5) ∆W.
∆W = 2 k 2
∆W =
4. ∆W: dw = d .
dw = d = %