, .
:
1. . 1 2:
:
(4.4.3)
, , .. , .
2. () , .
Z+ . .
Z+() Z+()
+ = +
- = -
= -
:
(4.4.4)
, , = const.
= () + RT ln
(4.4.5)
, Z+ . - Z+ . , Z+ = 0
, .. , , .
.
.
, (), . .
, , .
, , .
, - , -, .
|
|
, , ,
2│1 │1Z+│2Z+│2
=
( ) = -
= (4.4.6)