7.3.1
, , : , . , , . . 45 , - 35 ( ).
, . , , . . , , (, ).
7.3.2 ,
, . , . , , , .
, , , , , . , .
, . , , , .
. , , . .
7.3.3 ,
II-2-72. 5 , 2 (, ) 3 (, , ) − . Ի - , .
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, :
-2 , ;
-2 , , , .
, , , , , . (, , ) , , .
Ի, , , . , .
( ), , , (), . , .
7.3.4
( )
, . ( 100%). : , , , . , , , . .
, , , . , . , , , .
7.3.5
, [14]. .
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:
, .
:
, d = 60 .
, , - , 4´40 .
.
.
1
1000 100 .
2 II- : Ψ = 1,4; ψ = 3,2.
3 :
(7.1)
(7.2)
, .
4 :
(7.3)
t = t0 + ; t = 0,5 + = 2
5 .. R.>R, :
(7.4)
.
6 n.min ( 1; 2 3 1).
= 0,69.
7 :
(7.5)
;
= 0,61.
8
7.1
l1 , . l1 = 3.
n2 :
L2 = l1n2, L2 = 37 = 21.
9 :
(7.6)
.
b: d = 0,5b, d = 0,50,04 = 2 = 0,02.
10. ( n l2/l (. ) ). = 0,4.
11 :
(7.7)
R < R, . , .. 9 < 10.
7.2.
7.2
7.3.6
, , , , , . , , , , .
: , . , .
, -. - , , . , .
, [14].
, - :
L = max {L1; L2}, (7.8)
|
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L1 , 3/, L2 , 3/.
, , .
:
L2 = , (7.9)
W , /; dyx, d , /.
, 10 /. I-d :
d = 13,2 / ( φ = 80%, t = 20C), d = 11,5 / ( φ = 70%, t = 18C).
L2 = 3/.
:
d = 1/2, (7.10)
, /.
= 5/.
d = = 0,59 .
d = 0,60 .
:
= + + .., (7.11)
, ; , ; .. , .
= (7.12)
=
= , (7.13)
; L , L = 24 .
S:
Re = , (7.14)
, = 0,01810-3 .
Re = ;
S = ; = 0,810-3 .
S = ; = 0,04.
= .
.. = , (7.15)
Xx .
Xx = 4 x + x, (7.16)
x = 0,15 90; x = 0,15 .
Xx = 4 0,15 + 0,15 = 0,75.
.. = .
= 14,8 + 23,7 + 11,11 = 49,61 .
:
N= , (7.17)
h = 0,5 ; h = 1,0 .
N = .
-14-46-2,5: N = 5,5 , V = (3,9−5)103 3/, 100L2.
7.3.7
. , , , .
. , .
: L = 78 , = 12 , = 6 .
[14].
1) 23-08.95 = 100 .
2) , , , .
3) , .
4) , , 7.3. 3 .
6000
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6000
7.3
: n = 134 = 52 . , : n = 2nc = 252 = 104 .
5) :
= , (7.18)
S , 2; ; Z ; .
S = LB = 7812 = 936 2.
[14] () . , 1 5 /3 , , : = 1,8.
Z [14] L/, L .
6 6 , L = 6 , L/ = 6/6 = 1. Z = 1,1.
[14] , , , .
r r [14] r = 0,7, r = 0,5.
r.. 0,1 0,3 , r.. = 0,1.
:
i = , (7.19)
, .
i = .
, r = 50%, r = 70%, r.. = 10%, i = 2,6 h = 0,52.
= .
6) [14] :
.. = 5220 ; .. = 80 ; .. 10%.
: .
7) :
..= .. n, (7.20)
.. = 80 104 = 8320 .
52 , 80 , 104 , 80.
7.3.8 , ,
. , . , . - .
, . Ի . () , , ( ), . , - , , (), .