. ( ) , . . . : 4000, 3000, 2000, 1800, 1500, 1200, 1000, 800, 700, 600, 500, 400 300 . , .
, , , , (. 15.3).
. 15.3
R a. :
( ) - ;
- ;
- ;
- .
a , R . , , , ( ):
= R ×tg(a/2); = R ×a = p R a180; = R [sec(a/2) - 1], (15.1)
a - .
. (15.2)
, , , .
. :
= - ; = + ; = + /2. (15.3)
:
= + - ; = + /2. (15.4)
.
a = 1819¢ R = 600 . 6 + 36,00.
(15.1) (15.2) : = 96,73 ; = 191,81 ; = 1,65 ; = 7,75 .
:
:
6 + 36,00 6 + 36,00
- 96,73 + 96,73
5 + 39,27 7 + 32,73
+ 1 + 91,81 - 1,65
7 + 31,08 7 + 31,08
5 + 39,27 6 + 36,00
+ /2 95,90 - /2 0,82
6 + 35,17 6 + 35,18
. , F, v . , , r ¥ R. , s ,
|
|
,
s r - ;
R .
k .
i :
r = lR / s, (15.5)
l sk. , (15.5), , .
. ds (. 15.4, )
.
r (15.5),
.
, j = 0 s = 0, i:
,
Rl j = s 2/2.
|
|
. 15.4 :
: φ i, β
( ); -
:
; ; l = 2 R b, (15.6)
b - ;
l - ;
R - , .
. x (. . 15.4, ). (. 15.4, ):
dx = cosj× ds; dy = sinj× ds. (15.7)
, , j (15.6):
cosj = 1-j2/2 = 1 - s 4/(8 R 2 l 2);
sinj = j - j3/6 = s 2/(2 Rl) - s 6/(48 R 3 l 3).
(15.7) , :
; (15.8)
. (15.9)
(). . 15.5 - , . Q, , x. m , x, Q, . p . . 15.5 :
,
x y - , (15.8) (15.9) s = l.
. . 15.6 , a R l.
. 15. 5 | . 15.6 |
, R, Q -- Q 1 K = R a.
b, a-2b.
Kc = R (a-2b) + 2 l = R a - 2 R b + 2 l = K - l + 2 l = K + l.
:
= T + m + T p; c = + p,
p = p tg(a/2); p = p sec(a/2).
|
|
.
m, p p . , (15.3) (15.4).