ֳ , , , , .
Odd(X) , , , :
X=5 Odd(X)=TRUE, X=4 Odd(X)=FALSE.
:
Inc(X) X:=X+1
Inc(X,N) X:=X+N
Dec(X) X:=X-1
Dec(X,N) X:=X-N
ij , , ( 2.2).
2.2
ij | ʳ | ' () | |
Real | 2.9e-39.. 1.7e+38 | ||
Single | 1.5e-45.. 3.4e+38 | ||
Double | 5.0e-324.. 1.7e+308 | ||
Extended | 3.4e-4932.. 1.1e+4932 | ||
Comp | -9.2e+18.. 9.2e+18 |
˲ .
IEEE 457 '.
80486 {$ N+}, - {$N-,E+}.
Comp , .
, :
+, -, *, /.
, .
, , .
, :
Abs(X), Sqr(X), Sin(X), Cos(X), ArcTan(X), Ln(X), Exp(X), Sqrt(X), Frac(X), Int(X), Pi.
Frac(X) X, Int(X) - X.
Pi ϳ .
Trunc(X) Round(X), . , .
(Boolean) , TRUE FALSE.
:
Not and or xor.
, FALSE < TRUE. .
˲ : ByteBool, WordBool LongBool, ' , .
(Char) , . - .
:
|
|
, , : '' '' '' '';
#K, K - , K 0..255;
^C, C - , C 64 .
.
Ord(C) Chr(K).
, , - . .
, :
Pred(C) Succ(C). Pred('F') = 'E'; Succ('Y') = 'Z'.
.
''..'z' UpCase(C), 'A'..'Z'.
(Pointer) , . (4 ), , - .
() , , - @.
: - , , - , - TRUE FALSE, - , #K ^K.
, , : {}
2.2.5 .
.
.
- . PASCAL, C WINDOWS.
:
, ;
, , , 䳿, .
, - , , _ ().
PASCAL :
---------------------
By Byte
Sh Shortint
I Integer
W Word
L Longint
R Real
Si Single
D Double
E Extended
C Comp
Ch Char
B Boolean
P Pointer
x, .
:
|
|
A Array
S String
Sz Stringz
Se Set
Re Record
F File
T Text
:
r, arVector[1..20], sName, iCount.
', .
( ) TURBO PASCAL .
' : = ;
, :
const rWeight: real = 0.4;
, , , . . () , . :
1. not, -, @
2. * / div mod and shl shr
3. + - or xor
4. = <> < > <= >= in
, .
:
,
,
.
' , :
Program PRIM;
:
, , (),
,
,
,
,
.
USES , , () TURBO PASCAL, . . :
Uses CRT, Graph;
- . , , . ̳ . , , , :
Label 3, 471, 29, Quit;
, :
const K= 1024; MAX= 16384;
, :
var P,Q,R: Integer;
A,B: Char;
F1,F2: Boolean;
, . , ', - ' .
,
begin.......end
. (;).
.
- , , { }.
- , . . $ - + ( ) - ( ). :
{$E+} - ;
{$F+} - ;
{$N+} - ;
{$R+} - .
, :
{$I ' } - , .
|
|
:
Program TRIANG;
var A, B, C, S, P: Real;
Begin
Read(A,B,C);
WriteLn(A,B,C);
P:=(A+B+C)/2;
S:=Sqrt(P*(P-A)*(P-B)*(P-C));
WriteLn('S=',S:8:3)
End.
, , .
2.4
, , - . .
":=". ˳ ' . :
;
;
' ;
, , ;
.
, , , . , . ,
A:=23;
X1:=A; X2:=Y;
Y:=SIN(f);
SIGMA:=A+SQRT(X-1);
I:=I+1;
2.4.2
. - , , () .
Read Write, INPUT OUTPUT.
ֳ , . ʳ ENTER.
:
Read(A1,A2,...AK);
ReadLn(A1,A2,...AK);
ReadLn;
1, 2,..., . , , 1, 2,..., . .
, . , , , , . .
, . , , . :
var rV, rS: Real;
iW, iJ: Integer;
chC, chD: Char;
.....................