,
.
..
- , .
- , , .
, . , , .
(, ), , 1%, . , , , , .
, . , . , , (. [1,2] ).
, . , , , , . ( , ).
: , , . , , - , ().
|
|
. , . , - , , . , . , , . .
. , , , , , , . , . , , , ( ).
. , , , , , . - . , .
2.
, , . , . . , Δ , , . , , .. , .
= Δ , . , Δ , ( ). , , x Δ . , .
|
|
= 0.95 ( 8.207-76), .. , 95% . , , .
3.
, .. , , , , . 1.
1
/ i | xi | - xi | ( - xi)2 |
x1 | x1 | ( x1)2 | |
x2 | x2 | ( x2)2 | |
x3 | x3 | ( x3)2 | |
. | . | . | . |
. | . | . | . |
. | . | . | . |
n | xn | xn | ( xn)2 |
- | |||
- | - |
(2)
n ( )
. Δ i = - xi, xi, , ( - xi)2, Δ i . σ , , , :
(1) |
, σ2, ( dispersus - ) xi , .. .
σ () σm , n ( σm: , , ). - n (.. ) - :
(2) |
(2) , , . σm, , .. .
⧊ x, , (2) (Student - B.C. , ). , (2),
(3) |
- , . 8.207-76 = 0.95 . 2.
|
|
2
= 0.95 n
n | |||||||
12.71 | 2.45 | 2.20 | 2.12 | ||||
4.30 | 2.36 | 2.18 | 2.11 | ||||
3.18 | 2.31 | 2.16 | 2.10 | ||||
2.78 | 2.26 | 2.14 | 2.09 | ||||
2.57 | 2.23 | 2.13 | ∞ | 1.96 |
, . , , , .
= 0.95 δ
= 0.67 δ. (4)
δ .
, , = 0.95
= 0.48ω, (5)
ω - .
δ ω , , . 3.
3
= 0.95
, δ | , | , ω | , | |
0.01 | 0.007 | 0.01 | 0.005 | |
0.1 | 0.07 | 0.1 | 0.05 | |
0.1 | 0.007 | 0.1 | 0.005 |
, , , , (3) ( , ).
(6)
5.
Δ , 2, , . , Δ , Δ , , Δ .
x = Δ (7)
.
, , , . , . : , , . , : , , (, ).
|
|
, z , , , Δ Δ b .
z=a+b z=a-b, Δ z= .
z = a x b z = , = .
z = , = .
, , - . , , , , ( , , ).