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( ), . A/AN,c , THIS/THESE - THAT/THOSE, MANY/A LOT OF, FEW()/A FEW(), HE, SHE, IT, THEY - ONE.

e.g. Ive got A friend. HE s got TWO sisters.

Note: clothes (), people (folk) (), police (), cattle (), poultry ( ), offspring ().

e.g. Janes got very MANY clothes. Where ARE the police?

2 (). ˨ A/AN, ( ), , THIS/THAT, MUCH/A LOT, LITTLE () /A LITTLE ( ). IT THAT. :

# English Russian # English Russian
  information     applause
  news /   fun  
  advice /   luck  
  weather     damage
  work     accommodation
  money   16a luggage (Br.E.)  
  knowledge 16b baggage (Am.E.)  
  progress /   furniture  
  permission   hair ()
  scenery   fruit ()

e.g. Your advice WAS good. IT helped me a lot.

Where IS the money? I cant find IT.

3 , . :

: :
a hair(//) hair(/)
a glass() glass()
a school(//) school()
a room() room(, )
M Units 69, 70

 

B . The Plural.

(E)S.

( 3 Present Simple.)e.g.a boy boys [-z], a girl - girls[-z];

a book books [-s];

a watch watches [-iz], a dish dishes [-iz]

Exception: a house [ ə hau s ] : houses ['hau ziz ]

Note: , (E)S, : barracks (), crossroads (), headquarters (), lens (), works (); news; economics, linguistics, Maths, physics; billiards, dominoes.

:

1 , , - IE-; , - .

: a lady lad ie s; : a boy bo y s

2 , F(E),

VES [-vz], e.g. an el f el ves, a wi fe wi ves

a half, a knife, a leaf, a life, a loaf,

a scarf, a shelf, a thief, a wolf

Note: -F(E) a chef, a chief, a handkerchief,

a roof, a safe

3 O, :

a) S pianos, photos, kilos, radios, zeros

b) ES potatoes, tomatoes, heroes, echoes

4 :

a m a n m e n a g oo se g ee se

a wom a n wom e n [wimin] a t oo th t ee th

a f oo t f ee t a m ou se - m i ce

5

a child child ren, an ox (, ) ox en

6

():

a) a sheep 2 sheep b) (a) means /

a deer 3 deer (a) species /

a fish a lot of fish (a) series /

(a) craft /

7 .

: e.g. a formula [ə fɔːmjələ] formul ae [fɔːmjə li: ];

a cri sis [ə krai sis ] - cri ses [krai si:z ];

a phenome non phenome na

a cor ps [ə kɔː] cor ps [kɔ: z ]

8 . :

a passer-by passer s -by;

a daughter-in-law daughter s -in law

a man -of-war men -of-war

: a grown-up grown-up s

Note: . :

English . Russian .   English . Russian .
a gate   clothes
a clock/watch   contents
a sleigh/sledge   customs(house)
      grapes
      noodles
      wages ()
      goods (
M Unit 79

The Possessive Case.

1 () S, , e.g. the boys [-z] book

the girls [-z] doll

the students [-s] answer

the bosss [-iz] office

:

1 : 2 :
(E)S, , . . : my frien ds [frendz] sisters my frien ds [frendz] sisters , S, e.g. those men s wives, his sons-in-law s cars

2

,

, , , e.g.

the teachers voice

____________ __s notebook (write in your name) ____________

Note 1: (1) OF (2) noun+noun.

: Marys book ( )

: the pages of the book ( of)

the city centre ( noun+noun)

M Unit 80 A,B,C

( , noun+noun

,

e.g. a notice board .)

Note 2: , , .

: the decision of the government

or: the governments decision

Note 3: , , , , ,

e.g. Russia s economy; Moscow s traffic; the Mary Celeste s fate; today s lesson; three week s holiday(

M Unit 80 D

: a three-week holiday.)

Note 4: - , . , .

: We went to Rich and Sallys wedding.

We met Richs and Sallys parents there.

Note 5: (- ONE ),

e.g. Is this your laptop? No, its my Dads.

Whos that man? Its Nick, a friend of Bruces.

house/place, shop, office, e.g. Wheres Ted? Hes gone to Nicks (house).

Hes at the butchers (shop).

Hes at the dentists (office).

Note 6: :

my friends best clothes my best friends clothes

Note 7: , .

: The dog opens ITS mouth when its hot. (ITS = IT IS)

Ive found SOMEBODYS pen. Is it YOURS?

They were holding EACH OTHERS hands.

Old Mr Priestley is so absent-minded that he always takes

SOMEBODY ELSES umbrellas.

3

.

: ˰Toms dog ( , .. Tom )

the boys dog ( , .. boy - )

: ˰yesterdays newspaper : a weeks holiday

Murphy Unit 81

Exception: , , , e.g. a childrens doctor ( ), a mens magazine ( ), teenagers clothes ( ), etc.





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