.


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Accelerated test Active reserve Ageing failure Analytical-experimental reliability assessment Analytical reliability assessment Assessed reliability measure Assigned lifetime Assigned operating time Assigned storage time Combined redundancy Compliance test Continuous redundancy Damage Defect Dependability Design failure Determination test Down state Duplication Durability Efficiency ratio Element under redundancy Experimental reliability assessment Explicit failure Extrapolated reliability measure Failure 10.7 7.8 3.20 9.5 9.4 6.5 4.10 4.9 4.11 7.16 10.3 7.13 3.2 3.1 1.1 3.17 10.2 2.4 7.7 1.3 6.29 7.4 9.6 3.15 6.7 3.3  

27.00289 . 17

. 3

 

Failure cause Failure criterion Failure criticality Failure effect Failure intensity Failure rate Failure free operation Fault Faulty state Field test Gamma-percentile life Gamma-percentile lifetime Gamma-percentile operating time to failure Gamma-percentile restoration time Gamma-percentile storage time Good state Gradual failure (Instantaneous) availability function (Instantaneous) restoration rate Integrated reliability measure Intermittent failure Interruption Laboratory test Latent failure Life Lifetime Limiting state Limiting state criterion Loaded reserve Longevity Maintenance Maintainable item Maintainability Maintainability function Major element Manufacturing failure Marginal failure Mean failure intensity Mean life Mean lifetime Mean maintenance man-hours Mean restoration man-hours Mean operating time between failures Mean operating time to failure Mean storage time Mean restoration time Mean useful life Mishandling failure Misuse failure Nonmaintainable item 3.5 3.4 3.7 3.6 6.13 6.12 1.2 2.2 2.2 10.5 6.15 6.17 6.9 6.20 6.24 2.1 3.12 6.26 6.22 6.3 3.14 3.13 10.4 3.16 4.5 4.6 2.5 2.6 7.8 1.3 5.1 5.4 1.4 6.19 7.3 3.18 3.8 6.14 6.16 6.18 6.23 6.23 6.11 6.10 6.25 6.21 6.16 3 19 3.19 5.5  

. 18 27.00289

. 3

 

Nonrepairable item Nonrestorable item Normal test Observed reliability measure Operating time Operating time between failures Operating time to failure Operational availability function Predicted reliability measure Primary failure Probability of successful redundancy Probability of restoration Recovery Reduced reserve Redundancy Redundancy ratio Redundancy without restoration Redundancy with restoration Redundant element Reliability Reliability assessment Reliability function Reliability measure Reliability specification Reliability support programme Reliability test Reliability test programme Reliability verification Repair Repairable item Reserve Residual life Restoration Restorable item Restoration time Scope of reliability test Secondary failure Segregated redundancy Shelf life Simple reliability measure Sliding redundancy Specified reliability measure Standby redundancy Standby reserve Steady state availability factor Storability Storability time Sudden failure Survival function Unloaded reserve 5.9 5.7 10.6 6.6 4.1 4.3 4.2 6.27 6.4 3.9 7.19 6.19 5.2 7.9 7.1 7.6 7.18 7.17 7.5 1.1,1.2 9.2 6.8 6.1 1.1 9.1 10.1 10.8 9.3 5.3 5.8 7.2 4.8 5.2 5.6 4.4 10.9 3.10 7.12 4.7 6.2 7.15 8.2 7.14 7.10 6.28 1.5 4.7 3.11 6.8 7.10  

27.00289 . 19

. 3

 

Up state Useful life Useful lifetime Wear-out failure Whole system redundancy 2.3 4.5 4.6 3.20 7.11

 

20 27.00289

,

(. 1.1)

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27.00289 . 21

, . , .

fail safe concept [6]. fool-proof concept. , [46] (availability).

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. 22 27.00289

-. , , . , , . , , . , () . , , . . () . , () , , , , . , .

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27.00289 . 23

. - .

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. 24 27.00289

, , , - . , , , , - , , . . , (). .

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27.00289 . 25

(. 3.13)

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. 26 27.00289

[5, 6] , : (required time), (non-required time), (idle time) . .

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() .

27.00289 . 27

. () .

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( ) , . ..

. 28 27.00289

. .

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27.00289 . 29

(. 6.2; 6.3)

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v, (1)

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(t) F(t) f(t) :

. (3)

. 30 27.00289

, : , , . 0 t

. (4)

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, (5)

N , ;

(t) , 0 t.

N [2, 3, 7].

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,

(t) .

(6), - . , , , 90; 95; 99; 99,5% . . [0; t] 0,10; 0,05; 0,01; 0,005 . . γ 100%, . , , , -

27.00289 . 31

γ, γ = 50%, .

- , . , () .

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1

,

F(t) ,

f(t) .

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.

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N t= 0,

τj .

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. 32 27.00289

, ,

. (8)

t , r (t) , , {(t)} . t. t .

, (8)

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(9) , , , . , (9) t (t) [3].

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(t)≈1, .

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.

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∆t ,

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(t+∆t)-(t) ∆t.

27.00289 . 33

, (13)

(12) [t1, t2], t1≤t≤t2. , , (12) (13) t .

μ(t)

, (14)

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.

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. , , . , [3, 5, 6].

. . () - () () .

. 34 27.00289

(. 7.1)

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, (. 8.1; 8.2)

, , , (, . .), , . , ; , , () [10, 11].

, .

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27.00289 . 35.

(. 10.1)

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[2, 3, 7, 10] (. . ) (. . ). . () .

 

. 36 27.00289





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