, , − , , , , (, , , ), . , .
, . , , -
, .
.
1. () , - ( ) .
( ) . . ( ), .
3. ( ) .
.
. .
a = 1,05 a; ak = 0,95 ; n = 0,88 n; nk = 1,36 n,
a − ;
− ;
a − ;
n − ;
n − ;
n − .
,
a = 1,14; = 0,98 ; n = 0,87 n; n = 1,64 n.
. a , a n a n, 1/3 2/3 .
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. k,
,
d − .
(. 10.1) a/r 2 , , . n , n , a . r , .
. d = 1500 l =3000 . . . r = 5,5 .
:
= = =500
lg = lg = 3,95.
( 3,95) 2 ( ). , / r = 3,8∙10 (. . 10.1).
10.1 −
2 = 2∙3,8∙10 ∙0,055=418 n = l /2 = 3000/418 = 7,2. at = 1,05∙500 =525 , = 0,95∙ 500 = 475 . n = 0,88n 6,3 3 = 1,36n 9. 2 = 500 , 2 3 = 300 .
- . , ( ).
, , . . . . , , , ri/r . , , r /r . , , ( ). , , , (. 10.2).
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10.2 − : r − ; r − ; r − 1- ; − .
10.2 . lg − (r − ) −1 .
, 10.2. ( ) , , , . . , , 1, 2 3 . .
10.2 . . r = 5000 , r = 500 . 5 = = 0,1. , ( ri = r ), , 4 = 0,2 , , r4 = 1000 ; 3 = 0,35 r3 = 1750; 2 = 0,55 r2 = 2750; = 0,76 r = 3800 . = 2,355.
= lg − lg .
rc = 10 4 = 1,435∙102 2. (2 ) (. . 10.2).
. , , , , .