3
, , -, . , ( ) ( ), .
3.1.
() .
(ROM Read Only Memory) () , ( ).
(RAM Random Access Memory) , ( ), - , .
.
, . () , . , , . , . , . , , . RAM ( ) , , ( ) , . , .
, , , . IBM PC XT i8088 1 (20 ). , 640 ( ). (Conventional memory). 640 ( 09FFFF) MS DOS .
1024 ( 03FF) (Interrupt Vectors) 256 , . , .
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4004FF BIOS (BIOS Data Area). BIOS .
5009FFFF DOS (DOS Area) (User RAM).
1 384 ( A0000FFFFF), , UMA (Upper Memory Area) UMB (Upper Memory Blocks) High DOS Memory.
( A0000BFFFF) .
E0000FFFFF ROM BIOS.
64 (page frame) D0000DFFFF, () (Expanded memory) 32 , 1 . 16 . . , , , 64 . .
C0000DFFFF , .
32- , , , , .
( ). ().
, , .
(Static RAM, SRAM) , , . ( ).
(Dynamic RAM, DRAM) () . , (. . 3.1.), (), . , , .
, . , , , ( ).
