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1. Jorgensen, D. (1989). Participant observation: A methodology for human studies.

2. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Lindlof, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication research methods (Chapters 5 &7).

3. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Pattern, M. Q. (1990). Qualitative evaluation and research methods (Chapter 6).

4. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Reason, P. (Ed.). (1988). Human inquiry in action: Developments in new paradigm

5. research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Spradley, J.(1991). Participant observation. New York: Holt, Reinhart&Winston.

 

: Discounted Records10

 

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1. From Weick, K. (1985). Systematic observation methods. In G. Lindzdey &
E. Aronson (Eds.), Handbook of social psychology: Vol 1. Theory and method.
New York: Random House.

2. From Gold, R. L. (1958). Rotes in sociological field observations. Social
Forces, 36,
217-223.

3. From an observation made by K. Teenor (1994). Field observations. Unpub
lished paper, California State University, Fullerton. The quoted passages that fol
low are from pages 2, S, 6, and 7.

4. See Chapter 5 in Lindlof, T. R. (1995). Qualitative communication research
methods.
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

5. See Petronio, S., & Bourhis, J. (1987). Identifying family collectives in pub
lic places: An instructional exercise. Communication Education, 36, 46-51.

6. See Van Maanen, J. (1988). Tales of the field: On writing ethnography. Chi
cago: University of Chicago Press.

7. From Spradley, J. P. (1980). Participant observation. New York: Holt,
Rinehart & Winston.

8. Glaser, B. G., & Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory:
Strategies for qualitative research.
Chicago: Aldine.

9. From Manning, P. K. (1987). Semiotics andfieldwork. Newbury Park, CA:
Sage.

10. Manasay, A. (1997). Ethnography of Discount Records. Unpublished paper, California State University, Fullerton.





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