5. n Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland & Northern Ireland. London is the capital of the U.K., Great Britain & England. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.The capital of Wales is Cardiff & the capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast. English is the official language of the country.
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Great Britain
9. The United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland & Northern Ireland. London is the capital of the U.K., Great Britain & England. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.The capital of Wales is Cardiff & the capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast. English is the official language of the country.
10. The climate of Great Britain is mild. It is not very hot in summer & it is not very cold in winter. It often rains in England. Besides, English climate is famous for its fogs. The weather in Great Britain changes very often because the Atlantic Ocean & the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain.
11. The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. England & Ireland are flat but Scotland & Wales are mountainous. The mountains are not very high, the rivers are not very long in Great Britain. The longest river is the Severn & the deepest one is the Thames.
12. The U.K. has some mineral resources. Coal & oil are the most important of them. Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the largest producers & exporters of iron & steel products, machinery & electronics, chemicals & textile, aircraft & navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. The main industrial centers are Sheffield, Birmingham, Nottingham, Coventry & Leeds.
13. There are many universities, collages, libraries in the country. Oxford & Cambridge are the two Great Universities known all over the world.
14. The U.K. is a constitutional monarchy. The head of the country is the Queen but her power is limited by the Parliament. It consists of two Houses: the House of Lords & the House of Commons. There are four main political parties in Great Britain: the Conservative, the Labour, the Liberal, the Social-Democratic Party.
I. Complete the sentences.
16. English is
17. The weather in Great Britain changes very often because
18. One of the chief industries of the country
19. The head of the countrybut
20. The Parliament consists of
II. Answer the questions.
Where is the United Kingdom of Great Brita
London
London is the capital of Great Britain, its political, economic & commercial center. It is situated on the river Thames. The city is very old & traditionally London is divided into four parts: the City, Westminster, the West End & the East End. They are very different from each other.
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The City is the oldest part of London, it is the business & the commercial heart of London. Very few people live here but over a million come to work in numerous banks, offices & firms. In the centre of the City there is the Tower of London & St. Pauls Cathedral. The Tower was built in the 11-th century & it was used as a fortress, a palace & a prison. Now it is a museum.
Westminster is the aristocratic official part of London. It includes Buckingham Palace, the royal residence & the House of Parliament. It is a beautiful building with two towers: The Clock Tower with Big Ben & the Victoria Tower with the national flag over it. Opposite the House of Parliament there is Westminster Abbey, the place where nearly all kings & queens were crowned
The West End is the richest & most beautiful part of London. It is a symbol of wealth & luxury. The best hotels, restaurants, shops, clubs, parks & houses are situated there. English aristocracy lives in this region. Trafalgar Square is the geographical center of London. It was named in the memory of Admiral Nelsons victory at the battle of Trafalgar in 1805. Also there is the National Gallery with its wonderful collection of works. Not far from it there is the British Museum famous for its rich library. Another interesting sight in the West End is Hyde Park, the largest of London parks.
The East End is an industrial district of London. There are many factories here. Old residents of the East End are proud to be called cockneys which means true Londoners.
London is the home of many famous Englishmen such as Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare & so on, who spent most of life in London.
