QBASIC
3
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QBasic. III. : . / ; .: .. , .. . , 2012. 74 .
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QBasic , . Qbasic, , .
, . , QBasic.
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: . . ., . ..
. .-.., . ..
1.
, , . , .
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1) , ;
2) , ;
3) , . . ;
4) , , , . . . , .
Qbasic , () ():
. , , . , : , . .
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QBASIC : FOR...NEXT; DO...LOOP; WHILE...WEND. .
2.
- . , , . , .
:
FOR = nz TO kz [ STEP h]
[_]
[EXIT FOR]
NEXT
, ,
nz kz ,
h ( h=1),
EXIT FOR , .
: (FOR ), nz (TO) kz (STEP) h, _. NEXT :
= + h
:
1) , :
nz+h kz;
kz<nz h < 0;
2) , kz=nz;
3) , h=0;
, FORNEXT: , , , . .
, :
, 0 k h.
x y , .
, Qbasic , :
:
:
CLS
' 0, k, h
INPUT X0,XK,H=; X0,XK,H
X0=X0*3.14/180: XK=XK*3.14/180: H=H*3.14/180
FOR X=X0 TO XK STEP H
Y=SIN(X)
PRINT X, Y
NEXT X
END
:
X | Y |
-3,14 | -0,001592653 |
-2,791111111 | -0,343350116 |
-2,442222222 | -0,643736039 |
-2,093333333 | -0,8665558 |
-1,744444444 | -0,984961013 |
-1,395555556 | -0,98468459 |
-1,046666667 | -0,865759839 |
-0,697777778 | -0,642516449 |
-0,348888889 | -0,341853849 |
0,348888889 | 0,341853849 |
0,697777778 | 0,642516449 |
1,046666667 | 0,865759839 |
1,395555556 | 0,98468459 |
1,744444444 | 0,984961013 |
2,093333333 | 0,8665558 |
2,442222222 | 0,643736039 |
2,791111111 | 0,343350116 |
3,14 | 0,001592653 |
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:
:
CLS
' 0,k,h
INPUT X0,XK,H=; X0,XK,H
FOR X = X0 TO XK STEP H
IF X < = 1 THEN
Y = X ^ 2
ELSE
Y = SQR(X)
ENDIF
PRINT X, Y
NEXT X
END
:
| : |
[0;2]:.
, (-2;0) (0;1) , :
.
. - :
:
:
CLS
INPUT X0,XK,H=; X0,XK,H
FOR X = X0 TO XK STEP H
SELECT CASE X
CASE IS<0
Y = 0.5 * X + 1
CASE IS>3
Y = -X + 3
CASE 0 TO 2
Y = 1
CASE ELSE
Y = X - 1
END SELECT
PRINT X, Y
NEXT X
END
:
X | Y | X | Y | X | Y | X | Y |
-3 | -0,5 | -0,6 | 0,7 | 1,8 | 4,2 | 0,8 | |
-2,8 | -0,4 | -0,4 | 0,8 | 4,4 | 0,6 | ||
-2,6 | -0,3 | -0,2 | 0,9 | 2,2 | 1,2 | 4,6 | 0,4 |
-2,4 | -0,2 | 2,4 | 1,4 | 4,8 | 0,2 | ||
-2,2 | -0,1 | 0,2 | 2,6 | 1,6 | |||
-2 | 0,4 | 2,8 | 1,8 | 5,2 | -0,2 | ||
-1,8 | 0,1 | 0,6 | 5,4 | -0,4 | |||
-1,6 | 0,2 | 0,8 | 3,2 | 1,8 | 5,6 | -0,6 | |
-1,4 | 0,3 | 3,4 | 1,6 | 5,8 | -0,8 | ||
-1,2 | 0,4 | 1,2 | 3,6 | 1,4 | -1 | ||
-1 | 0,5 | 1,4 | 3,8 | 1,2 | |||
-0,8 | 0,6 | 1,6 |
:
:
CLS
' 0, k, h
INPUT X0,XK,H=; X0,XK,H
MIN = TAN(2 * X0 + 3)
MAX = TAN(2 * X0 + 3)
FOR X = X0 + H TO XK STEP H
Y = TAN(2 * X + 3)
IF Y<MIN THEN MIN = Y
IF Y>MAX THEN MAX = Y
NEXT X
PRINT MIN, MAX=; MIN, MAX
END
:
MIN, MAX=-225,9508465 0,871447983
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:
CLS
Y = 2: P = 2
FOR X = 0 TO 1.2 STEP 0.3
Z = EXP(X + Y) * P
PRINT X, Y, P, Z
Y = Y + 1
P = P + 1
NEXT X
END
:
X | Y | P | Z |
14,7781122 | |||
0,3 | 81,33791676 | ||
0,6 | 397,9372626 | ||
0,9 | 1825,187339 | ||
1,2 | 8036,584586 |
:
CLS
a = 0.4
FOR i = 1 TO 10
y = sin(a) ^2 - a
PRINT a, y
a = a + 0.2
NEXT i
END
:
:
a | y |
0.4 | 0.2483534 |
0.6 | 0.2811789 |
0.8 | 0.2854002 |
0.2919266 | |
1.2 | 0.3313031 |
1.4 | 0.4288889 |
1.6 | 0.6008528 |
1.8 | 0.8516211 |
1.173179 | |
2.2 | 1.546334 |
:
i ; f(i) i.
, i , i - f(i), . . :
i i1 .
, n . , (S0=0). .
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:
:
CLS
S = 0
FOR i = 1 TO 100
S = S + 1 / i ^ 2
NEXT i
PRINT "S="; S
END
:
S= 1.634984
:
CLS
INPUT "n="; n
S = 0
FOR i = 1 TO n
S = S + (-1) ^ i / (2 * i + 1)
NEXT i
PRINT "S="; S
END
:
:
n=? 5
S=-.2559885
:
CLS
INPUT "n="; n
s = 0
FOR i = n TO 1 STEP -1
s = SQR(2 + s)
NEXT i
PRINT "S="; s
END
:
:
n=? 10
S= 1.999998
:
:
Pi Pi-1 i i 1 , i 1 n. 0 .
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:
:
CLS
P = 1
FOR i = 1 TO 100
P = P * (SQR(i) + 2) / SQR(i)
NEXT i
PRINT "P="; P
END
:
P= 1.379896E+13
:
CLS
INPUT "x="; x
P = 1
FOR i = 1 TO 6
P = P * (x - (2 ^ i - 1)) / (x - 2 ^ i)
NEXT i
PRINT "P="; P
END
:
:
x=? 0.1
P=.274885
:
CLS
INPUT "n,x="; n, x
P1 = 1
P2 = 1
S = 0
FOR i = 1 TO n
P1 = P1 * i
P2 = P2 * x
S = S + P2 / P1
NEXT i
PRINT "S="; S
END
:
:
n,x=? 10,2
S= 6.388995
FORNEXT, FORNEXT FORNEXT.
:
,
NEXT NEXT .
NEXT K,J,I NEXT K: NEXT J: NEXT I
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:
CLS
INPUT "vvod x="; x
P = 1
pi = 3.14
FOR i = 1 TO 4
S = 0
FOR j = 1 TO 5
S = S + (x * SIN(i * pi / 180) + 2 ^ j)
NEXT j
P = P * S
NEXT i
PRINT "P="; P
END
:
:
vvod x=? 0.2
P= 1.481793E+07
vvod x=? 1.5
P= 1.50903E+07
vvod x=? 3.4
P= 1.549465E+07
3.
. , .
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. .
WHILE... WEND, , :
WHILE
[ ]
WEND
- , QBasic (-) ();
- .
( ), . ( ), , WEND. . ( ""). , :
1) (, , );
2) ( ), , , ( );
3) ;
4) ;
5) , , , .
DO... LOOP. DO... LOOP, WHILE WEND, , , . DO... LOOP:
DO... LOOP :
DO WHILE [ ] [ EXIT DO ] LOOP |
- , QBasic ( ) ();
- .
WHILE DO... LOOP , . :
1 | ; |
2 | , 3, 5; |
3 | ; |
4 | 1; |
5 | . |
DO UNTIL
[ ]
[ EXIT DO ]
LOOP
UNTIL DO... LOOP , . , , LOOP. :
1 | ; |
2 | , 3, 5; |
3 | ; |
4 | 1; |
5 | . |
DO... LOOP :
DO [ ] [ EXIT DO ] LOOP WHILE |
, DO... LOOP . , , WHILE :
1 | ; | ||
2 | ; | ||
3 | , 1, 4 | ||
4 | . | ||
DO [ ] [ EXIT DO ] LOOP UNTIL | |||
UNTIL :
1 | ; |
2 | ; |
3 | , 1, 4 |
4 | . |
DO... LOOP, . DO... LOOP EXIT DO.
:
:
CLS
S = 0
i = 1
WHILE i <= 10
INPUT "a="; a
IF a > 0 THEN S = S + a
i = i + 1
WEND
PRINT "S="; S
END
:
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a=? 1
a=? -2
a=? 0
a=? 3
a=? 6
a=? -9
a=? 5
a=? 5
a=? -8
a=? 3
S= 23
, 103 062, 1, 0, 3, 0, 6. , . D, . n =103 062, n MOD 10=2,
103 062 | |
103 060 | 10 306 |
n 10 , , n \10= 10 306. n>0/
:
:
CLS
INPUT "n="; n
max = 0
DO WHILE n > 0
cifra = n MOD 10
IF cifra > max THEN
max = cifra
ENF IF
n = n \ 10
LOOP
PRINT "max="; max
END
:
n=? 102106
max= 6
:
:
CLS
INPUT "a="; a
s = 0
DO WHILE s < a
i = i + 1
s = s + 1 / i
LOOP
PRINT "s="; s
END
:
a=? 4
s= 4.027246
4.
, , .
, . , e. e . e, , . , , , , .
, , . , .
, , :
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
, :
- () ;
- ;
- () ;
- .
.
:
CLS
x = 3!
e =.00001
y1 = -.5
DO
y0 = y1
y1 = (y0 - x) / (2 * x)
LOOP UNTIL ABS(y1 - y0) < e
PRINT "yn="; y1
END
:
:
yn=-.5999997
5.
:
n, , ,
, . . e (), .
:
1)
2)
, n. .
:
CLS
e =.001
s = 0
n = 1
a = 1 / ((2 * n - 1) * (2 * n + 1))
DO WHILE ABS(a) >= e
s = s + a
n = n + 1
a = 1 / ((2 * n - 1) * (2 * n + 1))
LOOP
PRINT "s="; s
END
:
:
s=.483871
, . .
( ). , cos(x) :
n- , n =0, a 0=1.
, . .
, , . , an an -1
, K(x,n):
:
CLS
INPUT "x="; x
s = 0
n = 0
a = 1
e =.000001
WHILE ABS(a) >= e
s = s + a
n = n + 1
a = a * (-1) * x ^ 2 / ((2 * n - 1) * (2 * n))
WEND
PRINT "s="; s
PRINT "cos("; x; ")="; COS(x)
END
:
:
x=? 0
s= 1
cos(0)= 1
x=? 1.57
s= 7.957619E-04
cos(1.57)= 7.962743E-04
x=? 3.14
s=-.9999988
cos(3.14)=-.9999987
x=? 4.71
s=-2.389011E-03
cos(4.71)=-2.38894E-03
:
, K(x,n):
:
CLS
INPUT "x="; x
s = 0
n = 0
a = 1
e =.000001
WHILE ABS(a) >= e
s = s + a
n = n + 1
a = a * x * LOG(3) / n
WEND
PRINT "s="; s
PRINT "3^"; x; "="; 3 ^ x
END
:
:
x=? 4
s= 80.99998
3^ 4 = 81
6.
1. ?
2. ?
3. .
4. FOR NEXT?
5. FOR NEXT, , . . STEP?
6. ?
7. ?
8. FOR NEXT ?
9. EXIT FOR?
10. WHILEWEND.
11. DOLOOP.
12. WHILE UNTIL?
13. DOLOOP ?
14. ?
15. ?
7.
1. .
1. 30 40 20 .
2. , = 0,4 (0,2) 15 .
3. , = 0,4 (0,2) 17 .
4. , = 0,2 (0,3); b = 0,4 (0,2) 12 .
5. , = 0,4 (0,2) 10 .
6. , = 0,4 (0,2) 18 .
7. , = 0,4 (0,2) 14 .
8. , = 2,6 (0,2) 20 .
9. , = 3,4 (0,4) 18 .
10. , = 1,5 (0,6) 15 .
11. , = 1,5 (0,6) 12 .
12. , = 3,5 (0,5) 16 .
13. , = 2 (2) 20 .
14. , = 5 (2) 17 .
15. , = 5 (2) 15 .
16. , = 5 (2) 12 .
17. , = 5 (2) 18 .
18. , = 5 (2) 20 .
19. , = 1,5 (0,2) 12 .
20. , = 20 (20) 14 .
21. , = 20 (20) 15 .
22. , = 150 (20) 15 .
23. , = 150 (20) 17 .
24. , = 150 (20) 14 .
25. , = 150 (20) 20 .
26. , = 150 (20) 16 .
27. , = 150 (20) 12 .
28. , = 25 (2) 15 .
29. , = 150 (20) 11 .
30. , = 1,5 (0,4) 16 .
31. , = 1,5 (0,2) 20 .
32. , = 2 (0,5) 15 .
2. y.
1. , 0º ≤ ≤ 45º, h = 5º, = 2.5
2. ; a =3,14; 0 £ £ 60; h =10
3. ; a =2,1; 15 £ £ 90; h =15
4. ; a = 5,45; 2 £ £ 72; h =14
5. ; a =3,63; 0 £ £ 100; h =20
6. ; a =0,12; 1 £ £ 46; h =9
7. ; a =8,45; 5 £ £ 65; h =10
8. ; a =9,4; 5 £ £ 65 ; h =10
9. ; a =4,8; 0 £ £ 75; h =15
10. ; a =1,57; 7 £ £ 67; h =10
11. ; a = 1,5; 5 £ £ 67; h =10
12. ; a = 3,16; 10 £ £ 135; h =25
13. ; a = 0,25; 5 £ £ 130; h =25
14. ; a = 0,26; 45 £ £ 125; h =10
15. ; a = 0,26; 10 £ £ 35; h =5
16. , 0º ≤ ≤ 45º, h = 5º, = 2.5
17. ; a = 2,15; 30 £ £ 70; h = 8
18. ; a = p / 21; 8 £ £ 40; h = 8
19. ; a =0,5p; 3 £ £ 33; h = 6
20. ; a =0,4p; 7 £ £ 25; h = 3
21. ; a = 0,123; 2 £ £ 32; h =5
22. ; a = 2,51; 16 £ £ 40; h = 4
23. ; a = 5,32; 4 £ £ 44; h = 8
24. ; a = 1,25; 10 £ £ 40; h = 6
25. ; a = 4,82; 9 £ £ 34; h = 5
26. ; a = 3lnp; 11 £ £ 29; h =3
27. ; a =3,14; 0 £ £ 60; h =10
28. ; a = 5,32; 4 £ £ 44; h = 8
29. ; a = 1,25; 10 £ £ 40; h = 6
30. ; a = 4,82; 9 £ £ 34; h = 5
31. ; a = 3lnp; 11 £ £ 29; h =3
32. ; a =3,14; 0 £ £ 60; h =10
3. z.
1. z = , x = 0.6(0.2)1.6
2. z = = ln x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.3
3. z = = cos x + sin x, x = 4(1) 9
4. z = = tg x, x = 1.0(0.2)1.8
5. z = = ctg x, x = 1.0(0.2)1.6
6. z = = , x = 13(4)33
7. z = = , x = 2(1)6
8. z = = , x = 30(10)60
9. z = =50 e x, x = 2.5(0.5)5.
10. z = = 4-e x, x = 0.8(0.2)1.6
11. z = = 5 x +0.1, x = 0.4(0.2)1.0
12. z = = 2 x +1/2, x = -1.0(0.5)1.5
13. z = = cos x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.3
14. z = = 25-2 x, x = 0.4(0.2)1.0
15. z = = ln x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.1
16. z = = ln x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.1
17. z = = ln2 x, x = 1.5(0.5)4.0
18. z = = 1/(x -14), x = 4(4)16
19. z = = 11/(x -2)2, x = 4.0(0.5)6.5
20. z = = x 2, x = 0.4(0.2)1
21. z = = sin x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.3
22. z = = 2ln x -1, x = 0.5(0.2)1.
23. z = = cos x +sin x, x = 4(1)9
24. z = = cos x, x = 1.0(0.2)1.8
25. z = = sin x, x = 1.0(0.2)1.8
26. z = = 2tg x-p, x = 1.0(0.2)1.6
27. z = = p-sin x, x = 4.0(0.5)6.5
28. z = = (x-p /2 ) 2, x = 0.4(0.2)1
29. z = = sin x, x = 0.5(0.2)1.3
30. z = = lg | x -1|, x = 0.5(0.2)1
31. z = = cos x - p, x = 4(1)9
32. z = = cos x, x = 1.0(0.2)1.8
4. y, :
5. z, x,y p .
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