(U + pV) H.
Qp = H 2 − H 1 = Δ H, . . , ,
.
.
(Q = 0, A = 0, U = const)
, , . .
S >0.
S max, . . Δ S = 0.
, -
, Δ S = 0.
. .
, -
.
( )
( : , , . .). , , . SO2 SO3, - .
--
,
. , :
n Me + m /2⋅ O2 = Me n O m.
.
, .
.
, ( ) .
-
, . -
, :
y = K ⋅ t,
y , K , t .
. , . , .
Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti . , . .
|
|
, :
y 2 = 2 D ⋅ C (O2) ⋅ t,
D , C (O2) .
(Zn, Al, Cr) -
:
y = K ln t,
K const.
, -
.
. -
, , , , ,
.
O2 , , CO .
. ,
.