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8 (). ( ). , , . 16, 32, 64 ..
. 256 ( 0 255). , IBM PC, ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange ). .
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- " ", (4 ) 0 9 0000 1001. , , 18- 10 ( ), .
. , . , Integer ( , Turbo Pascal. , ) -32768 (-215) 32767 (215 - 1) 2 (16 ); LongInt -231 231 - 1 4 (32 ); Word 0 65535 (216 - 1) ( 2 ) ..
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, , 0. .
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, 37(10) = 100101(2) Integer ( ), 0000000000100101, LongInt ( ), 00000000000000000000000000100101. . 0025(16) 00000025(16).
:
1. ;
2. ( , );
3. .
, -37, LongInt ( ):
1. 37 00000000000000000000000000100101;
2. 11111111111111111111111111011010;
3. 11111111111111111111111111011011 FFFFFFDB(16).
. , . :
1. 1;
2. ;
3. . .
. , :
1. 0000000000010111. , . 23.
2. 1111111111000000. . : 1) 1111111111000000(2) - 1(2) = 1111111110111111(2); 2) 0000000001000000; 3) 1000000(2) = 64(10).
: -64.