( , ) .
8 (). ( ). , , . 16, 32, 64 ..
. 256 ( 0 255). , IBM PC, ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange ). .
-
- " ", (4 ) 0 9 0000 1001. , , 18- 10 ( ), .
. , . , . () , , , .
, , 0. .
.
: , , , .
, 37(10) = 100101(2) Integer ( ), 0000000000100101, LongInt ( ), 00000000000000000000000000100101. . 0025(16) 00000025(16).
:
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1. ;
2. ( , );
3. .
, -37, LongInt ( ):
1. 37 (32 ) 00000000000000000000000000100101;
2. 11111111111111111111111111011010;
3. 11111111111111111111111111011011 FFFFFFDB(16).
, , . , . :
1. 1;
2. ;
3. . .
. , :
1. 0000000000010111. , . 23.
2. 1111111111000000. .
:
1) 1111111111000000(2) - 1(2) = 1111111110111111(2);
2) 0000000001000000;
3) 1000000(2) = 64(10).
: -64.
. .
M × 10p, 1 < M < 10, p . , 120100000 = 1,201 × 108. 10, 10 . 10 . : 120100000 = 1,201 × 108 = 0,1201 × 109 = 12,01 × 107. "" .
M , p . , , , , 1(10) 2(10) (1 < M < 2). , , 2.
, , . , .
( ; ):
Real | 2,9×10-39..1,7×1038 | 11-12 | |
Single | 1,5×10-45..3,4×1038 | 7-8 | |
Double | 5,0×10-324..1,7×10308 | 15-16 | |
Extended | 3,4×10-4932..1,1×104932 | 19-20 |
Double.
, 8 . , ( ):
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S | ||
62..52 | 51..0 |
:
1. ;
2. , .. M × 2p, M ( 1(2)) p , ;
3. ;
4. (0 ; 1 ), .
. -312,3125.
1. 100111000,0101.
2. 100111000,0101 = 1,001110000101 × 28.
3. 8 + 1023 = 1031.
1031(10) = 10000000111(2).
4.
62..52 | 51..0 |
, : C073850000000000(16).
.
3FEC600000000000 (16)
62..52 | 51..0 |
1. , , 63 .
: 01111111110(2) = 1022(10); 1022 - 1023 = -1.
2. 1,1100011 × 2-1 0,11100011.
3. 0,88671875.