4.1. R .
4.1.1. R ( ), , . R (0,1 0,3) , R ≈ (0,05 0,15)R . R .
4.1.2.
.. 2.3 2.4 R.
4.13. R = (5 - 10), .
, f = 50 100 .
4.2. R1, R2 R.
I = (2 - 5)I, U. R1, R2, R:
; ;
4.3. R = (5 - 10), , R .
,
.
5.1. Ki
5.2. R
5.3. R
5.4. K
5.5. K
5.6.
5.7. ,
5.8.
5.9. :
;
.
, ,
.
.
6.1. . . . [1]
6.2. , , , .
.
1. . .1,2. 7 . .: , 1985, 1986
2. . . .. . .: , 1981
3. . .. . .: , 1978, 1986
4. .. . .: , 1982
5. /. . // . . .. . .: , 1998
|
|
6. .. / . .: , 2001, ( 3.3 3.4)
. 1 .
.
7.1. . .
p-n-p n-p-n . . 3 , ( !).
[1,2] .
7.2. . 1.2.
h . 4. - . 4. (: .. 1,2,3 - h 11 h 12; .. 4,5,6,7 h 21 h 22.)
. 2. .
(+) (-)
(-) (+)
- n-p-n - p-n-p
. 3. .
. 4. - .
h 11 = / U = const, h 12 = / I = const;
h 21 = / U = const, h 22 = / I = const.
h :
h 11 =R n (10 ¸ 100) , n (1¸10);
h 21 = b - ; h 21 = (20 ¸1000);
- (K U £200); , n (1¸10).
7.3. .2.2.
v [1,2].
7.4. . 2.6.
I = f(I) (. . 2) . 3-.
7.5. 5.4.
100, K U £200.
7.6. 5.8.
h £ 50%.
8.0. .6.
1) :
- ;
- R 1, R 2 , ( ) ;
- R , , , U0 ;
- R , ;
- C 1, 2 , () ;
- ;
, ;
2) , .. , . _____ .
|
|
1. 21 2. 21 3. 39 4. 40 5. 41 6. 42 7. 42 8. 108 9. 108 10. 114 11. 116 12. 104 13. 104 14. 104 15. 201 | 16. 201 17. 208 18. 209 19. 310 20. 310 21. 416 22. 416 23. 416 24. 3107 25. 3107 26. 3107 27. 313 28. 313 29. 345 30. 345 |
21, 21
21 =40 21 =100
=35
=50 =150 =30
39, 40, 41
39 =400 40 =200 41 =100
=15 =20 =150 =50
42, 42
42 =100 42 =150
=15 =150 =200 =50 f =1
108, 108
108 =100 108 =50
=6 =50 =75 =50
114, 115, 116
114 =0,3 115 =0,3 116 =0,1
114 =60 115 =30 116 =15
=10 =150 =50
114 f =0,92 116 f =2,0
104, 104, 104
104 =1,5 104 =0,4 104 =0,2
104 =30 104 =15 104 =15
=50 =150 =50
201, 201
201 =0,1 201 =0,05
201 =20 201 =10
=30 =150 =20
208, 209
208 =150 209 =250
=15 =300 =200 =20
310, 31
310 =20 310 =10
( =10 ) =10 ( =200 ) =6
=10 =20 =20
416, 416, 416
416 =0,1 416 =0,05 416 =0,03
( =0) =15 ( ≤ 1) =12
=25 =100 =20
3107, 3107, 3107
3107 =0,2 3107 =0,1 3107 =0,04
3107 =45 3107 =45 3107 =25
=100 =300 =12
313, 313
313 =0,1 313 =0,05
( ≤ 1) =50
=350 =300 =12
345, 345
345 =0,075 345 =0,05
( ≤ 10 ) =20
=200 =150 =50
020418 2006.
. 6084. 1/16
1 .. .