- , .
, , -.
, (KBr, NaCl, NaNO3), , . .
.
, (FeCl2, NH4Cl, Al2(SO4)3, MgSO4) :
FeCl2 + HOH =>Fe(OH)Cl + HCl
Fe2+ + 2Cl- + H+ + OH- => FeOH+ + 2Cl- + +
, H . < 7 ( ).
.
, (ClO, K2SiO3, Na2CO3, CH3COONa) , , .
K2SiO3 + H =>KHSiO3 + K
2K+ +SiO32- + + + H- => SiO3- + 2K+ + -
.
> 7 ( ).
, (3N4, (N4)23, Al2S3), , . . . .
, :
l2S3 + 6HOH =>2l()3 + 32S
2Al3+ + 3S2- + 6H+ + 6OH- =>2l()3 + 6+ + S2-
=7
. , (II) :
1- FeCl2 + HOH =>Fe(OH)Cl + HCl
Fe2+ + 2Cl- + H+ + OH- =>Fe(OH)+ + 2Cl- + H+
2- Fe(OH)Cl + HOH =>Fe(OH)2 + HCl
Fe(OH)+ + Cl- + H+ + OH- =>Fe()2 + + + Cl-
.
:
1- N23 + HOH =>N3 + N
32- + 2Na+ + H+ + OH- =>3- + - + 2Na+
2- N3 + 2 =>N + 23
3- + Na+ + H+ + OH- =>23 + - + Na+
.
- . - . , (g()2, Fe()2) , (3, 23) - .
, () :
Al2S3 + 6H2O =>2Al(OH)3 + 3H2S