8.9.5. .
:
| - . | ң ұқ қ ө. | Mutation - genetic change in the genotype. |
| . | ғғ ң, ұқ қ өң ү. | Mutagenesis- process of the appearance of hereditary changes in the body - mutations. |
| - , . () ( ) | . ғ ә | Mutagenic factors factors causing mutation. Distinguish natural and artificial (human-induced) mutagenic factors |
| қ ғң ө | , | Genomic mutations mutations characterising by change of sets of chromosomes |
| ң құң ө | Aberrations changes of structure of chromosomes | |
| - , . | ү ң ө . | Point mutation is a mutation that affects one or more nucleotides. |
| , . | қ ққ ә ң ү ә . | The factors that have a negative effect on genetic information and its implementation mechanisms are called . |
| - , . | қ ғң қ құ қ ә қ, қ ә қ . | Genotoxicity - property chemical, physical and biological factors have a damaging effect on the genetic structure of an organism. |
| - , , / | қ ң ә қ ң ғ ә ң ғ қ. | Genetic passport identification of mutant genes or genes predisposing to development of diseases among newborns and adults aiming their prevention and/or effective treatment |
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8.1. 6.
8.2. : .
8.3. :
