Run Length Encoding
, RLE, :
Microsoft RLE (MRLE) RLE , MPEG-1234, H.261, H.263 JPEG.
1. 8- .
2. .
RLE . , 77 77 77 77 77 77 77 7 77 ( 77-). RLE , . , RLE .
(Vector Quantization,VQ)
, VQ, Indeo 3.2 Cinepak. YUV ( RGB).
1. .
2. .
3. .
4. , , .
( 4x4 YUV Indeo Cinepak). , . . , () . VQ- , , . , , , , . , . , - . . , , , - , . VQ , , , , . . .
: 4 x 4.
( 1) 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 | ( 2) 128 127 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 127 128 128 128 128 128 | ( 3) 128 127 126 128 128 128 128 128 127 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 |
. , 2- 3- . :
|
|
[1] = 128 128 128 128
128 128 128 128
128 128 128 128
128 128 128 128
VQ , .
()
, : Motion JPEG; Editable MPEG; MPEG-1; MPEG-2; MPEG-4.
1. .
2. . .
3. . , .
. JPEG, H.263, MPEG (MPEG-1, MPEG-2 MPEG-4) . , , 2- , 8 x 8 . 64 (8x8 = 64) , , . - . , .
, , . (, , ) . , 64 64 , JPEG, , , . RLE. , - . .
, , . , () , . , N ( ). NxN, :
(m,n) = sqrt((1 - delta(m,1)) / N) * cos((pi/N) * (n - 1/2) * (m-1))
,
(m,n)
m, n = 1,...,N
pi = 3.14159267...
N =
delta(m,1) = 1 m = 1 0
cos(x) = x, .
, N N*N . , N log(N). .
Wavelet- (DWT)
, DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform): Intel Indeo 5.x; Intel Indeo 4.x