- - >> <<. :
#include <fstream.h>// 61
int main(){
ofstream fout("test"); /* c */
if(!fout) { cout << " \n";
return 1; }
fout << "!\n";
fout << 100 << ' ' << hex << 100 << endl;
fout.close();
ifstream fin("test"); //
if(!fin) {cout << " \n";return 1;}
char str[80];
int i;
fin >> str >> i;
cout << str << ' ' << i << endl;
fin.close();
return 0; }
<< , :
/* - Coord */
#include <iostream.h>// 62
class Coord {
public:
int x,y;//
Coord() {x=0;y=0;}
Coord(int i,int j) {x=i;y=j;}
};
// coord
ostream &operator<<(ostream &stream, Coord ob){
stream <<ob.x<<,<<ob.y<<\n;
return stream;
}
int main(){
Coord a(1,1), b(10,23);
cout <<a<<b;
return 0; }
() :
istream &operator>>(istream &stream, _ ob){
//
return stream;
}
- : istream &get(char &ch); ostream &put(char ch);
:
#include <iostream.h>// 63
#include <fstream.h>
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ]) {
char ch;
if(argc!=2) {
cout << ":WRITE<_>\n";
return 1;}
ofstream out(argv[1]);
if(!out) {cout << " \n";return 1; }
cout << " $\n";
do {
cout << ": ";
cin.get(ch);
out.put(ch);
} while (ch!='$');
out.close();
return 0; }
- , - n :
istream &read(unsigned char *buf, int n);
ostream &write(const unsigned char *buf, int n);
#include <iostream.h>// 64
#include <fstream.h>
#include <string.h>
int main() {
ofstream out("test", ios::binary);/* */
if(!out) {cout << " \n";return 1;}
double num = 100.45;
char str[ ] = " ";
out.write((char *) &num, sizeof(double));
out.write(str, strlen(str));
out.close();
return 0; }
seekg(), seekp(), tellp(). seekg() , seekp() . . , (ios::beg) (ios::cur) (ios::end). tellp().
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, :
bad() , ;
clear() ;
eof() , ;
fail() , ;
good() , ;
rdstate() .
, .
