, ∆t0 0C, ∆tn, . 6.
∆t0 =n(t-t)/R0 α, (7)
n , , . 2;
t , (4);
t , , 0.92 [2], . 3;
α , (1), . 3;
R0 (6) .
∆t0 < ∆tn, , - .
1
, a b | - , 0Ѱ | R, 2/, | |
b | 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 | 2.1 2.8 3.5 4.2 4.9 5.6 | 3.2 4.2 5.2 6.2 7.2 8.2 |
- | 0,00035 | 0,0005 | |
- | 1.4 | 2.2 | |
b | 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 | 1.8 2.4 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 | 2.4 3.2 4.0 4.8 5.6 6.4 |
- | 0,0003 | 0,0004 | |
- | 1.2 | 1.6 | |
b | 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 | 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 | 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 |
- | 0,0002 | 0,00025 | |
- | 1,0 | 1,5 |
2
| ∆tn, | |
1. , - , , | 4.0 | 3.0 |
2. , , , | 4.5 | 4.0 |
3. , | t td, 7 | 0,8(t td), 6 |
4. | t td | 0,8(t td), |
5. ( 23 .) 50% | 12 | 12 |
3
|
|
α , α n
α, | α | n | ||
1 | , , | 8.7 | 23 | 1 |
2 | , | 8.7 | 23 | 1 |
3 | 8.7 | 23 | 1 | |
4 | 8.7 | 23 | 1 | |
5 | , | 8.7 | 23 | 1 |
4
|
| ||
5
|
|
ρ, /3 | λ, /0 | |
1 | - | 1800 | 0.7 | 0.81 |
2 | - | 1800 | 0.76 | 0.87 |
3 | - | 1800 | 0.76 | 0.93 |
4 | 1000 | 0.33 | 0.41 | |
5 | 1200 | 0.52 | 0.58 | |
6 | 500 | 0.17 | 0.23 | |
7 | 1000 | 0.41 | 0.47 | |
8 | 300 | 0.11 | 0.13 | |
9 | 2500 | 1.92 | 2.04 | |
10 | 400 | 0.13 | 0.14 | |
11 | 200 | 0.11 | 0.12 | |
12 | 200 | 0.07 | 0.076 | |
13 | 125 | 0.064 | 0.07 | |
14 | 150 | 0.052 | 0.06 | |
15 | 40 | 0.041 | 0.05 | |
16 | 80 | 0.05 | 0.05 | |
17 | 125 | 0.06 | 0.064 | |
18 | 800 | 0.33 | 0.22 | |
19 | 400 | 0.10 | 0.12 | |
20 | -PS30 | 30 | 0.036 | 0.036 |
21 | 800 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
22 | 2600 | 221 | 221 | |
23 | 7850 | 58 | 58 |
6