a ac pa Top apae pa co o ae. ϳc oapxa ao aaco (1534), pae e epox cao epe o oo a. Apxco a co, o aca aa op, epeopc a pocx opocx o. Ccx op opo paa ca. ep, o epya opa y pacax, cepeo opo caa a oo oo, oo c opa aay o.
1482 p. copeo cy apaeca, po oc oo paa a XV c. ϳ oo pc aa pa o, ca a acx cyax y poy op, a oo, oa opco ope.
pooya cya eccepc cy aaoo paa cy aepa.
ϳ Top A볿 caac oco epaoaa ccea ceoo caopya. Baa a cx aeaa po cy, epyaa Taa paa. Mpo cy paa x o, e, oox oce, oox oce, aa a -, opox aa. Hap XV c. po cy ay paa opo a c ep. x eep cec y ca, o o oa yo aea poy ycx ocaox oc paca.
Mpo cy poo oepe pocya -x pax o. Haca x poa a eepx cecx, e ca (oa XV c.) a ax cecx, o a e pox cy o apa (e yac pcx acae) a ea o.
ep, e (oec), oce po cy y ooo co, o aeeyaa oxopoy opocoo py pacax. oec y oya ao capoc ceo oo oce. cax y op cop ceay oepy o, a oa ya oxopo opo ca, ye a.
Ho acpao oe pa ya epoa apa. ocao oco a e paa oo pa poacoro opy: o o aaa pa a poo, a opye pa eoo .
볿.
epy cpoy yaa pay opocx cy po y 1189 p. oo cy A볿 P. e y paa po ao 볿. cepe X c. aae pao ocya o pc . pao y pa po ao a A볿.
aae pao A볿 aao ooo y pcoo paa. Ta, . pao y 1250 p. aya a po o pc ac aa pao. Cy aaoo paa, e axo ooo o peeeax, epac o paa . paoa acoa e p pcoo paa. 1350 p. ooy a pecaoc, o aa a aa pao.
aae pao paoyao co ay , o, o-epe, o a epop c A볿. eoa yc o y acocoya oo op. e aopa cy epyac a aopy, oo ce. o-pye, aae pao e poo x oce aeop x ac poy x cpa.
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aae pao e aa a. Boo caoc peya 䳿 cyox a, o a cyepe ooy aooacy. B ocoy aoo paa oaeo oo aaoaoc aaoooc. Baaoc, o p pe o , cy a acocoya ao, oo opcoy e cyy paoy opy. o eccepcx cy ya p po pa y oaoe ce a. aa pay, cy po paa, epyac, acocoy a. o a cyepe aoo ao aa pa aoo paa, o oo x. Oe, y cox ocaoax cy apa pao op, o cac pae.
Macpa, py cp, ae eocao oo peyoa aoo ayc, o xo acx op. p oy opcoya pey, o cy a acocoy e cyy opy paa. Oe, caoe p caa cyo a (peeeo), ooo cx x cy. Bx peee oa e a cyoa ca.
oy ay paa co py cy.Ocoo ac p cce e, o e cye pao ye ee cyo pe. Cy e cop pao, a e pa oo. poo paoo acy peee e a epaoro ae, a XV c. ca ooo.
Cyoe pe, ecee y c cpa, ayao c aoy cx acyx aaox cpa, cy e a paa oo. oo, o cyoe pe ayo oooo c oax aaox cpa, oo oo yo y aecee y p cyox pooo. Oe, aae pao cyao ccea cyox peee poo peya ax oc, o e epeaac aoo.
Ha oao ca䳿 aae pao ypao cee e e eee pcoo a aooo paa. Pao , aae pao pocaoc ce a, a yoeoy pcoy pay. Boo pao ay po y ooa popoeoc, epaa ypa cyy. Ccey aaoo paa pya c ca. e yo o p oo, o A aoa pee pcoo paa.
Kopoa pyaa cy aocacocoo paa. Cy aaoo paa y cya opo, x aca cp opo, y poa oo o. XV c. cy oᒿa pay cypoo acx cap, yxap, yc y aax, ocx cex eeac.
Heeea ce a py a aaoo paa pc pao oo epoy, o ocyao eoeey ay oapxa, a a epxa V. pa c c. aae pao, cee ace e, o acy epay ccey, yo ocoo po oopo cyoca peyopo cycx oc. oa poo cya ce o o aeop cpa, e a cyooo axcy cyax aaoo paa. Tae caoe yo paee cope cyy aepa, ao cyy .
Pae oapx y ca poa a cpa. A o c x po poca, o pe x oo yo oaee a aepa. Coay poa oy cpay a ca ceaoo yay opoco pa. o apc cy ca caoco poa cap pax oc.
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cy aepa acocoya o, eo aaoo paa poecya op. poy cpa e opo yo a poope po oaa, e aax cyax aa e p ex paoocax, axac aoo. oc yo poco a ao oca ooy.
ep cpa, ca aac cy aepa, cocyac opo acoc (pacy), oo a, o oa ocoa epeaaa co ao oco, poy opaac epecax aca ao pex oc a ao aca. aae pao e aao oo cyy. o opa aaoo paa, ocoa, yo epeao ao, caaa oo aco, a ope paa y- paa a oo. cy opo acoc A볿 aya ea oo . o oo aac papc ope, oacp, ye 䳿 a opopa. Hap XV c. ooa ee A볿 a cayc opo acoc.
Kaep, poa oa opo acc oo, ca xo yy p caa ooopy. Cpaa oy, o aepa pa ac paac yxo oco, ope a pce aoe pao. opaep Toac Mop (1478 1535 pp.) y epo cco o a oy ocy. ea aoe pao aaa yy epopoo ae, cpoaoc y ax a. Oe, pac ca cyo axc.
o cep aepco pc opa ooop, yae yco e c. Cy aaoo paa aa oco oaa oye e pa o ya oaa c, a ocoo ce aaex oc, , , y oa oa. Toy copo e o c cyax aaoo paa. Kaep, aa, pa x ce. oo cy acocoya pexpece oya c pco. Kaep aa pe oy oye, y cypoo copo paac opo eo. o oye y pae, aep pa pco oaa po c poa cpy cpay a, aeo oye peao cya. Heoa pe, ecex aepo, apaoc pao ao pe ye.
op cy, eocepeo aea opo, oapx a oo po paa. pa o糿 cya aaoo paa cyo aepa pae coo aeao ocaoy. B opao e y a opa paa. e ap XV c. p, epyac aep ac poa cpa, y pee ey ccey.
e epo yo aaeo oco acoo paoo , po p: oe oca e a ocoy ao ao oepoo oo c쒿, a a y epec, opoc . aca pao-paoo oaoc opa ya ac x o.
