( )
(..16.1).
.16.1. : 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 ; 5 ; 6
, , F = 8,55 ;
v=1,3 /; D= 400 . , (KHL =1); ; .
. 15.1 η1 = 0,98;
, , η2 = 0,99; η3= 0,92; , , η4= 0,99.
η = η1∙η22∙ η3∙ η4= 0,98∙0,992∙0,92∙0,99 = 0,875.
N=F∙v=8,55∙1,3=11,1.
N = N / η = 11,1 / 0,875 = 12,7 .
ω = 2 v / D = 2∙1,3 / 0,4 = 6,5 /.
n = 30 ω / π = 30∙6,5 / 3,14 = 62 /.
. (. . 20.7)
n=12,7 , (. 15.3), up = (3 6) u=(15), u=up∙ u = (330), 4, , , 1000 / 4 160 6 , N = 15,0 2,6% ( 19523-81).
n = 1000 26 = 974 /,
ω = π n /30 = 3.14∙974 / 30 = 101,5 /.
: u = ω / ω = 101,5 / 6,5 =15,65, , 3 30 ( ).
( ) : 2185 - 81 u = 5,
u =15,65 / 5 = 3,14.
:
16.1.
n1 = n= 974 / | ω1 = ω = 101,5 / | |
n2 = n1 / u = 974 / 5 = 194 / | ω 2= ω1 / u = 101,5/5 =20,3/ | |
n=62 / ( ) | ω = 6,5 / |
:
1 = N / ω1 =12,7∙103 / 101,5 = 125*103 .
2 = 1 u = 625∙103 .
|
|
. 16.2. : ;
1- ; 2-
, .
1.
, 7 .
,
(. . 6). 45, , 230260; 45, , 30 200230.
(7.2) :
σH =σHlimbKHL / [SH], σHlimb .
. 6.3 350 () σHlimb= 2 + 70;
KHL ( , ,
KHL = 1); [SH] = 1,1. [σH] = 0,45([σH1] + [σH2]):
[σH1] = (2HB1 +70)∙ KHL / [SH] = (2∙230+70)∙1 / 1,1 =482 ;
[σH2] = (2HB2 +70)∙ KHL / [SH] =(2∙200+70)∙1 / 1,1 = 428.
[σH] = 0,45(482 + 428) = 410 .
堠 [σH] < 1,23 [σH2] .
KHβ, , , , . . 7.3, ,
KHβ = 1,25.
ψba = b /aω = 0,4 (. . 7).
(7.1)
= 43(5+1) ,
= 43, = 5.
2185-81
aw = 200 (. . 7).
:
= (0,01 0,02) aw = (0,01 0,02)200 = 2 4 ;
9563 80 mn = 2,5 .
β = 10 :
z1 = = = 26,2.
z1 = 26; z2 = z1∙u =26∙5 = 130. : ; β = 1250'.
:
d1=mn z1 / cosβ = 2,5 ∙26/ 0,975 = 66,66 ;
d2=mn z2 / cosβ = 2,5∙130 / 0,975 = 333,34 ;
: aω = 0,5(d1 + d2) = 0,5(66,66+333,34) = 200 .
|
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:
da1=d1+2n = 66,66+2∙2,5=71,66 ; da2=d2+ 2 = 333,34+ 2∙2,5=338,34 .
ࠠ b2 = Ψba∙aω = 0,4∙200 = 80 .
b1 = b2 + 5 = 85 .
:
Ψbd = b1 / d1 = 85 / 66,66 = 1,275.
v = 0,5 ω1d1 =101,5 ∙ 66,66 / = 3,38 /.
8- (. . 7.3). KH = KH KHa KHv.
KHβ . 7.1: Ψbd= 1,275, < 350 KHβ = 1,155.
. 7.3 v = 3,38 / 8- KHa =1,08. . 7.2 v < 5 / K Hv = 1,0.
, KH = 1,155 ∙ 1,08 ∙ 1,0 = 1,245.
(7.13):
= = 392 < [σH].
, :
Ft = 2T / d1 = 2 ∙125∙103 / 66,66 = 3750 H;
Fr = Ft tqa / cosβ = 3750 ∙tq 200 / cos 120 50´ = 1400 ;
Fr = Ft tg, β = 3750 ∙tg 1250' = 830 .
(7.14):
<[σF].
KF = KFβKFv. . 7.4 = 1,275, < 350 KFβ = 1,33. . 7.5 KFv = 1,3. , KF = 1,33 ∙1,3 = 1,73; YF - , zv . (7.17):
zv1 = z1 / cos3 β; zv1 = 26 / 0,9753 = 28,
zv2 = 130 / 0.9753 = 140, YFl = 3,84 YF2 = 3,60 (. . 7.5).
[σF] = σ0Flimb / [S] (. . 78).
.6.4 45 HB< 350 σ0Flimb = 1,8HB.
σ0Flimb =1,8 ∙230=415 ; σ0Flimb=1,8*200 =360 . [SF] = [SF]'[SF]" (. 7.8), [SF]' = 1,75, [SF]" = 1 ( ). , [SF] = 1,75.
:
[σF1] =415/1,75=237; [σF1] = 360/1,75 =206 .
[SF] / YF:
237 / 3,84 = 62 , 206 /3,6 = 57,5 .
, .
Yβ Fa [ (7.19)]:
Yβ =1- β 0/140 =1 12,8 /140 =1 0,09=0,91. .
εa =1,5 8- KFa = 0,92.
(7.14):
<[σF]
σF2 = 3750∙1,73∙3,6∙0,91∙0,92 /80∙5 = 98 <[σF] = 206 .
.
(. 8 9)
2.
10. .
.
(. 16.3) [τ] = 25 .
.
, d dBl. , dBl = (0,71)d. , , . 42 . 21424 75 d = 42
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d1 = 32 . d1 = 40 . .
, ( ). .
(. 16.4): , [τ]=20. : =57,3 . d2 = 55 . 60 , 65 . .
. (. . 16.3). . 1,6 65∙1,6=105 . (1,21,5) , 78 98. 80. (34) (34) ∙2,5 = 7,510 . 0,3 . 0,3 ∙ 80 = 24 .
17;18.
3.
. () .
; - aw = 200 . ; ; .
:
)
1 = 1,2δ; ;
) = δ;
) = δ; , .
; d 1 = 40 d 2 = 60 .
(. . 20.2) ;
16.2.
d | D | ,
| |||
, | |||||
308 | 40 | 90 | 23 | 41,0 | 22,4 |
312 | 60 | 130 | 31 | 81,9 | 48,0 |
. D = 90 da1 = 71,66 .
(. . 16.5). . ( [2 6]. l1 = 78 l2= 82 . l1= l2 = 82 .
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1,5 . - ∆ , . 0,8 . .16.3. ( ) 8-15.
16.3.
2050 | 5065 | 6590 | 90120 | 120160 | |
. | 58 | 610 | 1012 | 1214 | 1214 |
l3 = 81, . l3 = 82 .
4.
: (.16.6).
Ft= 3750 H, Fr = 1400 H, Fa= 830 H;
l1 =82.
:
xz
Rx1=Rx2=Ft / 2 = 3750/ 2 = 1875H;
yx
Ry1=(Frl1+ Fad1/2) 2l1 = (1400 ∙82 + 830 ∙66,66 /2) / 2 ∙82 = 868 H;
Ry2 = (Fr1 l1 Fa1 d1 /2) / 2l1 =
(1400 ∙82830 ∙66,66/2)/2 ∙82 = =532H;
:
Rx1 +Ry2 Fr =
868+532-1400 = 0.
. 16.6.
: ;
.
1.
308. (. 20.2): d=40 ; D=90 ; = 23 ; = 41,0 ; 0 = 22,4 .
(11.4)
P =(XVPr1 + YPa) , Pr1 =2060H;
Pa=Fa=830 H; V=1 ( ); =1 (.11.2); =1 (.11.3).
Fa/C0=830/22 400 =0,0 037; =0,23 Pa / Pr1 =830 / 2 060 = 0,403 > e;
X = 0,56; Y = 1,88. = (0,56 ∙2060 + 1,88∙830) = 2700 .
, . ( 11.1)
. .
:
Lh=L∙106/60n=3500 ∙106 / 60 ∙974 = 60∙103 ,
.
(.16.7) .
Ft = 3750H, Fr =1400H; Fa = 830H.
F =5126H. (. 17)
3 = 2 = 625∙103 .
u = 3,14.
z1 =25,
蠠 z2 = 78.
u = 78/25=3,12.
Ft = T2ω2/v = 625∙20,3 / 2,56 =4 950 H.
Ff = 9,81kf qa =9,81∙1,5∙3,8∙1,562 =88 ,
kf = 1,5 450; q = 3,8 / - 31,75 88,5 1356875; a = 1,562 .
F = Ft + 2Ff = 4950+2*88 = 5126.
FBx = FBy = FB sin γ = 5126∙sin 450 = 3600H.
l2 =82 l3 = 81 .
:
XZ Rx3 = (Ftl2 FBxl3) / 2l2 = (3750∙82 - 3600∙82) / 2∙82 = 75H.
. 16.7.
Rx4 = [Ftl2 + FBx(2l2 + l3)] / 2l2 =
=(1 400 ∙82 830 ∙333,4∙0,5 +3600 ∙3∙82) / 2∙82 = 3 875H.
: Ry3 + FBy (Fr + Ry4) = 1 675 +3 600 (1 400+3 875) = 0.
: R3 = 1680 H;
R4 = 8200H.
4.
312; d=60 ; D=130 ; =31 ; =81,9 ; 0 = 48,0 (. ).
/0 =830/48 000=0,0172; = 0,2
( ). /r4 = 830/8 200=0,105 < ; , X=1, Y=0.
= Pr4VK = 8 200∙1∙1,2∙1 = 9 840 . ( 1,2,, ).
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, . L = (C / P)3 = (81 900 / 9 840)3 =570 .
, Lh = L∙106 / 60n = 570 ∙106 / 60∙194 =50 ∙103 ; n = 194 / .
40 000 , .
. , .
5. (. 16.8)
, , , .
. , . .
:
) , l1. , ( , );
) . 12 . . ,
(d= 40 ). ; ( 1 ) . , .